Kinetics of inhibited or retarded polymerization. Investigations on the cerium(IV)/toluene/acrylonitrile system

Singh, B. C.; Misra, Basanta K.; Rout, Anuradha; Mallick, Nigamananda; Rout, M. K.

doi:10.1002/macp.1979.021800411

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…For up to a fivefold increase in acetic acid concentration, the effect on the graft yield is not higher than ± 4% of its value at zero concentration of the acid. The decrease in graft yield at higher concentrations of acetic acid is usually associated with transfer reactions by acetyl radicals 20, 21…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto allylated caesarweed fibres by ceric ion in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol

Eromosele

Afolabi

Eromosele

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyacrylonitrile was grafted onto caesarweed fibers and on the allyldervative in aqueous media by ceric ion-2-mercaptoethanol redox pair. The allylfibre was obtained by treatment of caesarweed fibers with sodium hydroxide followed by allylchloride in diisoproylether to yield an average degree of substitution of 3.24 allyl moieties per anhydroglucose unit (AGU). The graft yield dependence on 2-mercaptoethanol concentration, in the range, 10.7-64.0 3 10 24M was characterized by a minimum followed by an enhanced yield. This suggested the existence of two initiating species, a thioglycol radical and mercaptoethoxyl radical. A fivefold increase in the concentration of 2-mercaptoethanol was accompanied by reduction in the frequency of graft, . Infrared spectroscopy of allylfibre-g-polyacrylonitrile copolymer showed evidence of radical coupling reaction involving thioglycol radical species and allylic macroradicals of the allylfibre. The unmodified fiber was more reactive than the allylfibre by as much as a factor of 2, and was ascribed to resonance stabilization of allylic macro radicals derived from the latter. For the allyl fiber, a 150% increase in monomer concentration resulted in nominal increase in graft yield, not higher than 7%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto allylated caesarweed fibres by ceric ion in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol

Eromosele

Afolabi

Eromosele

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Grafting acrylonitrile on kenaf fibers using ceric ion-p-xylene redox pair

Eromosele

Agbo

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto caesarweed fibers by cerric ion–toluene redox pair

Eromosele

1994

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISThe graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto caesarweed fibers in aqueous media by cerric ion-toluene redox pair has been investigated. The percentage graft increased and then decreased with cerric ion concentration ranging from 8.3 to 100.0 X 10-3M with a peak value of 17%. The effects of toluene, substituted toluenes, acids, and acrylic acid were examined. The percentage graft increased and then decreased with toluene concentration with a n optimum value of 53% at 18.0 X w 4 M toluene. Under identical reaction conditions, the percentage graft after 30 min for the graft polymerization initiated by substituted toluenes are in the order of p-toluene sulfonic acid > toluene > p-Xylene N o-toluidine.Low concentrations of acetic acid were favorable to the graft polymerization. The percentage graft increased linearly with acrylic acid concentration reaching a value of 53% at 1.39M acrylic acid. The presence of neutral salts had nominal effects on the percentage graft. The effect of temperature was investigated between 20 and 60°C. The percentage graft increased with temperature up to 40°C but showed a negative temperature dependence beyond 40°C.

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Kinetics of inhibited or retarded polymerization. Investigations on the cerium(IV)/toluene/acrylonitrile system

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto allylated caesarweed fibres by ceric ion in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol

Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile onto allylated caesarweed fibres by ceric ion in the presence of 2‐mercaptoethanol

Grafting acrylonitrile on kenaf fibers using ceric ion-p-xylene redox pair

Graft copolymerization of acrylic acid onto caesarweed fibers by cerric ion–toluene redox pair

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