Kinetics of Deposit Formation from Hydrocarbon Fuels at High Temperatures. General Features of the Process

Talyor, W. F.; Wallace, Thomas J.

doi:10.1021/i360024a012

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…If the ageing reaction is endothermic, it is possible to propose a lower limit for the activation energy for ageing 25. Some information, however, does exist in the area of autoxidative polymerization, where Taylor and Wallace postulated the following overall reaction for the formation of foulant deposit26–28: …”

Section: Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of deposit ageing on thermal fouling: Lumped parameter model

et al. 2009

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The thermal and hydraulic performance of heat exchangers can be seriously impaired by the formation of fouling deposits on the heat transfer surfaces. The thermal effect of fouling can be complicated when the deposit is subject to ageing, represented here as a change in deposit thermal conductivity (but not thickness) over time. In this article, we revisit the ageing concept for crude oil fouling proposed by Nelson (Refiner Nat Gas Manufacturer. 1934;13:271-276, 292-298), using a numerical model incorporating first order kinetics to generate quantitative comparisons of different ageing rates. Results are reported for lumped parameter systems (which also simulate point measurement methods commonly used in laboratory testing) that demonstrate that ageing can have a substantial influence on the rate of heat transfer and hence on the surface temperature and rate of fouling. Rapid ageing (compared with the rate of deposition) does not pose problems, but slow ageing, or the use of constant heat fluxes in experiments, can lead to modified thermal fouling behavior. It is concluded that deposit ageing dynamics should be considered alongside deposition rate dynamics when interpreting experimental fouling data and when modeling fouling behavior in support of heat exchanger design or operation.

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Section: Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of deposit ageing on thermal fouling: Lumped parameter model

et al. 2009

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“…Section 4 describes our latest efforts to maximize precursor formation. We need both the optimum conditions and enough material to answer questions (1) and (2) above. We propose to continue our experiments with a standard fuel, but similar work with pure hydrocarbons will have some advantages.…”

Section: Gel Permeation Chromatography Of Liquid Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chemistry of Fuel Deposits and Their Precursors

Mayo¹,

Richardson²,

Mayorga³

1972

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“…Two types of fuel instability reactions are of continuing concern; long-term ambient-temperature storage conditions (storage instability) and short-term high-temperature conditions (thermal oxidative instability) (Taylor and Wallace, 1967;Watkins et al, 1989). This method of monitoring filterable sediments is in lieu of any other reliable instrumental method for assaying fuel instability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Instability Studies: The Chemical Validation of Astm Method D5304

Mushrush

Beal

Hardy

et al. 2001

Petroleum Science and Technology

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The current ASTM (D5304) procedure for determining storage stability involves rather drastic conditions, namely, 16 hours at 90 C and under 100 psig of oxygen. These mandated test conditions give rise to the question, ''Does the reaction conditions induce chemical instability, or is it an accurate measure of the true instability process?'' Several organo-sulfur functional groups are known to be present in petroleum derived fuels. Thiophenes, benzothiophenes, sulfides, disulfides, and trace amounts of thiols are the organosulfur compounds most prevalent. The reaction of organosulfur compounds under the ASTM reaction conditions have not been investigated. The purpose of the present research is to determine if the ASTM reaction conditions induce a reaction in an otherwise stable fuel matrix.

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Kinetics of Deposit Formation from Hydrocarbon Fuels at High Temperatures. General Features of the Process

Cited by 31 publications

References 6 publications

Impact of deposit ageing on thermal fouling: Lumped parameter model

Impact of deposit ageing on thermal fouling: Lumped parameter model

The Chemistry of Fuel Deposits and Their Precursors

Fuel Instability Studies: The Chemical Validation of Astm Method D5304

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