Kinetics of carrot somatic embryo development in suspension culture

Abstract

Somatic embryos in liquid culture can serve as a mass cloning system in a plant propagation program. A quantitative formulation of embryo development obtained from cell suspension cultures is used to develop a segregated kinetic model. The model is based on standard classification schemes as previously developed by plant physiologists. Dependent variables include carbohydrate concentrations (sucrose, fructose, and glucose) and biomass apportioned among the inoculum (free single cells, cell clusters), normal developmental stages, and aberrant cell and embryo types. Good agreement between the model and experimental results is indicated and allows for a rigorous approach to media optimization and reactor scaleup for embryo formation.

Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I

“…Similar results were obtained by Cazzulino et al (1990) in carrot somatic embryo culture where the number of embryos dropped rapidly after day 16. The authors proposed that the death rate was dependent on carbohydrate source.…”

“…1989; Treatetal.I989). By contrast, the sugar uptake of an embryogenic suspension culture of carrot did not differ from that of an undifferentiated suspension culture (Cazzullino et al 1990). This implies that the embryogenic cell line of birch is self-sufficient with respect to sugars and nitrate during embryo formation (Nuutila and Kauppinen 1992).…”

Morphogenic Aspects of Somatic Embryogenesis

“…An automated commercial micropropagation system capable of handling somatic embryos has been described in which a bioprocessor controlled separation, sizing, and distribution of propagules into a culture vessel, but few details were provided [142,143]. Progress in building the technology necessary for a truly continuous culture system has been made in the form of a kinetic model of carrot somatic embryo development in suspension culture, in which substrate utilization, culture growth, and embryo development are monitored over the time course of an embryogenic culture [144]. The integration of such a model with image analysis hardware and software for monitoring embryo concentration and development will be a key to establishing an automated system for continuous somatic embryo production in bioreactors [145].…”

Automated, in vitro harvest of somatic embryos

“…also see Fig. 2 Harrell et al 1993 Harrell et al 1993Harrell et al 1993Harrell et al 1993Cazzulino et al 1990Harrell et al 1993Harrell et al 1993. also see […”