Kinetics of butyrate metabolism in the normal colon and in ulcerative colitis: the effects of substrate concentration and carnitine on the β-oxidation pathway

Preter, Vicky De; Geboes, Karel; Bulteel, Veerle; Vandermeulen, Greet; Suenaert, Peter; Rutgeerts, Paul; Verbeke, Kristin

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04757.x

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…As a result, there is impairment of butyrate metabolism even when the colon is saturated with butyrate (de Preter et al, 2011;Kovarik et al, 2011). Furthermore, addition of compounds interfering with the β-oxidation pathway such as carnitine has no effect on butyrate metabolism in active UC (de Preter et al, 2011) and has little effect in mild-to-moderate UC following oral intake (Mikhailova et al, 2011). These observations suggest that absorption of intrarectally administered butyrate can be impaired in active UC and may significantly lower the expected beneficial effects of butyrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Butyrate absorption mainly occurs in the proximal colon whose function is impaired during UC due to damaged epithelial mucosa (Thibault et al, 2010). As a result, there is impairment of butyrate metabolism even when the colon is saturated with butyrate (de Preter et al, 2011;Kovarik et al, 2011). Furthermore, addition of compounds interfering with the β-oxidation pathway such as carnitine has no effect on butyrate metabolism in active UC (de Preter et al, 2011) and has little effect in mild-to-moderate UC following oral intake (Mikhailova et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraperitoneal administration of butyrate prevents the severity of acetic acid colitis in rats

Malago

Sangu²

2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Intrarectal infusion of butyrate improves colorectal disorders including ulcerative colitis (UC). However, it is not established whether systemically administered butyrate benefits such patients. The current study aimed at exploring and comparing the potential of intraperitoneally, intrarectally, and orally administered butyrate against acetic acid (AA)-induced UC in rats. Intrarectal administration of 2 ml of 50% AA was done after or without prior treatment of rats for 7 consecutive days with 100 mg/kg sodium butyrate (SB) intraperitoneally, intrarectally, or orally. Rats were sacrificed after 48 h of AA-treatment. Subsequently, colon sections were processed routinely for histopathological examination. We clinically observed diarrhea, loose stools, and hemoccult-positive stools, and histologically, epithelial loss and ulceration, crypt damage, goblet cell depletion, hemorrhage, and mucosal infiltration of inflammatory cells. The changes were significantly reduced by intraperitoneal, intrarectal, or oral butyrate, with intraperitoneal butyrate exhibiting the highest potency. It is concluded that intraperitoneal administration of butyrate abrogates the lesions of AA-induced UC and its potency surpasses that of intrarectal or oral butyrate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraperitoneal administration of butyrate prevents the severity of acetic acid colitis in rats

Malago

Sangu²

2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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“…Health benefits of high fiber consumption have been linked to increased synthesis of SCFA. 84,85 Butyric acid, for example, supplies 70% of energy requirements of the colonic epithelium 86 and has direct anti-inflammatory effects, inhibiting activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NFkB). 87 Propionic acid also inhibits NFkB and may improve insulin sensitivity by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.…”

Section: Short-chain Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome and the Brain

Galland

2014

Journal of Medicinal Food

532

390

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“…The SCFAs, acetate, propionate-PPA, and butyrate-BA, result from bacterial fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates in the large intestine. Health benefits ascribed to these compounds include energy supplementation for colonic epithelium, anti-inflammatory activity, and improved insulin regulation (Segain et al, 2000;Al-Lahham et al, 2010;De Preter et al, 2011). On the other hand, animal model and human epidemiologic studies suggest SCFAs may also induce neurotoxic effects, which might contribute to ASD development (MacFabe, 2013).…”

Section: Potential Mechanism Microbiota Alterations Lead To Asd and Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Disturbances and Autism Spectrum Disorders

2015

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are considered a heterogenous set of neurobehavioral diseases, with the rates of diagnosis dramatically increasing in the past few decades. As genetics alone does not explain the underlying cause in many cases, attention has turned to environmental factors as potential etiological agents. Gastrointestinal disorders are a common comorbidity in ASD patients. It was thus hypothesized that a gut-brain link may account for some autistic cases. With the characterization of the human microbiome, this concept has been expanded to include the microbiota-gut-brain axis. There are mounting reports in animal models and human epidemiologic studies linking disruptive alterations in the gut microbiota or dysbiosis and ASD symptomology. In this review, we will explore the current evidence that gut dysbiosis in animal models and ASD patients correlates with disease risk and severity. The studies to date have surveyed how gut microbiome changes may affect these neurobehavioral disorders. However, we harbor other microbiomes in the body that might impact brain function. We will consider microbial colonies residing in the oral cavity, vagina, and the most recently discovered one in the placenta. Based on the premise that gut microbiota alterations may be causative agents in ASD, several therapeutic options have been tested, such as diet modulations, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, fecal transplantation, and activated charcoal. The potential benefits of these therapies will be considered. Finally, the possible mechanisms by which changes in the gut bacterial communities may result in ASD and related neurobehavioral disorders will be examined.

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Kinetics of butyrate metabolism in the normal colon and in ulcerative colitis: the effects of substrate concentration and carnitine on the β-oxidation pathway

Abstract: SUMMARY BackgroundButyrate, a colonic metabolite of carbohydrates, is considered as the major energy source for the colonic mucosa. An impaired butyrate metabolism has been reported in ulcerative colitis (UC), however, the cause still remains unknown.

Cited by 38 publications

References 38 publications

Intraperitoneal administration of butyrate prevents the severity of acetic acid colitis in rats

Intraperitoneal administration of butyrate prevents the severity of acetic acid colitis in rats

The Gut Microbiome and the Brain

Microbiome Disturbances and Autism Spectrum Disorders

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