Kinetics and the crystallographic structure of bismuth during liquefaction and solidification on an insulating substrate

Bollmann, Tjeerd Rogier Johannes; Jankowski, Maciej

doi:10.1016/j.susc.2022.122106

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…While growing on Si

substrates, all reported growths were conducted on either

[ 19 , 20 ] or

[ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] reconstructed surfaces. Both reconstructions facilitate epitaxy in the early stages of growth by providing a high density of nucleation sites; however, both result in an increased number of rotational domains with relatively small grain sizes, reducing the overall quality of epilayers [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Additionally, the maximum height before leaving the topological phase, approx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Selective Epitaxy of Trigonal and Orthorhombic Bismuth Thin Films on Si (111)

et al. 2023

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Over the past three decades, the growth of Bi thin films has been extensively explored due to their potential applications in various fields such as thermoelectrics, ferroelectrics, and recently for topological and neuromorphic applications, too. Despite significant research efforts in these areas, achieving reliable and controllable growth of high-quality Bi thin-film allotropes has remained a challenge. Previous studies have reported the growth of trigonal and orthorhombic phases on various substrates yielding low-quality epilayers characterized by surface morphology. In this study, we present a systematic growth investigation, enabling the high-quality growth of Bi epilayers on Bi-terminated Si (111) 1 × 1 surfaces using molecular beam epitaxy. Our work yields a phase map that demonstrates the realization of trigonal, orthorhombic, and pseudocubic thin-film allotropes of Bi. In-depth characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of phase segregation, phase stability, phase transformation, and phase-dependent thickness limitations in various Bi thin-film allotropes. Our study provides recipes for the realization of high-quality Bi thin films with desired phases, offering opportunities for the scalable refinement of Bi into quantum and neuromorphic devices and for revisiting technological proposals for this versatile material platform from the past 30 years.

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“…While growing on Si

substrates, all reported growths were conducted on either

[ 19 , 20 ] or