Kinetics and mechanisms of fatty alcohol polyethoxylation. 1. The reaction catalyzed by potassium hydroxide

Santacesaria, E.; Serio, Martino Di; Garaffa, Rafael; Addino, G.

doi:10.1021/ie00011a001

Cited by 45 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…As the degree of polymerization increases, the effect of the initiator on the Figure 1. Scheme of the spray tower loop reactor [3].…”

Section: Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the case of fatty alcohols as initiator and potassium or sodium hydroxide as catalyst, the previous reaction model can be simplified by considering the same rate constant for all propagation steps (independent of the adduct size i) and the proton transfer equilibrium [3,5]:…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been reports that chain termination occurs at very high degrees of polymerization because of a hydrogen abstraction reaction, which explains the difficulty of obtaining polyethylene glycols with molecular weights greater than 1 million using basic catalysts [1]. Under these conditions, the mass balance equations for the total alcohol (including deprotonated alcohol), m 0 , and for the oligomer (adduct) of size i, m i , in a batch reactor can be written as [3]:…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive studies on this topic were performed by the group of Santacesaria et al [2][3][4][5][6]. They studied the kinetics of fatty alcohol (1-dodecanol) ethoxylation using potassium hydroxide as catalyst [3] or barium dodecanoate as catalyst [4], the products presenting different chain length distributions depending on the catalyst used. Other related studies are the kinetics of nonylphenol ethoxylation catalyzed by potassium hydroxide [2], ethoxylation and propoxylation of 1-octanol and 2-octanol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide [5], and ethoxylation and propoxylation of ethylene glycol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics and Modeling of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylation in an Industrial Spray Loop Reactor

Amaral

Giudici

2011

Chem Eng & Technol

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The kinetics of the ethoxylation of fatty alcohols catalyzed by potassium hydroxide was studied to obtain the rate constants for modeling of the industrial process. Experimental data obtained in a lab-scale semibatch autoclave reactor were used to evaluate kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The kinetic model was employed to model the performance of an industrial-scale spray tower reactor for fatty alcohol ethoxylation. The reactor model considers that mass transfer and reaction occur independently in two distinct zones of the reactor. Good agreement between the model predictions and real data was found. These findings confirm the reliability of the kinetic and reactor model for simulating fatty alcohol ethoxylation processes under industrial conditions.

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“…As the degree of polymerization increases, the effect of the initiator on the Figure 1. Scheme of the spray tower loop reactor [3].…”

Section: Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%