Kinetics and Modeling of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylation in an Industrial Spray Loop Reactor

Amaral, Guilherme; Giudici, Reinaldo

doi:10.1002/ceat.201100215

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…where [CAT] is the catalyst concentration and [EO] is the liquid ethylene oxide concentration. In the simulations we have used the kinetic parameter recently proposed by Amaral and Giudici (Amaral and Giudici, 2011), who confirmed the reliability of our model in the description of STLR and proposed more accurate kinetic data for dodecanol ethoxylation:…”

Section: Description Of the Reactors And The Related Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 76%

The Evolution of the Fed Batch Ethoxylation Reactors to Produce the Non-Ionic Surfactants

et al. 2021

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The most recent reactor technology to produce non-ionic surfactants via ethoxylation reaction is illustrated in the present work. The most advanced reactors are deeply illustrated for what concerns the working principle and the main performance. In detail, Venturi Loop Reactor (VLR), Spray Tower Loop Reactor (STLR) and Enhanced Loop Reactor (ELR) are depicted, and the related performance compared. ELR shows the highest flexibility, to reach the desired ethoxylation degree, and at the same time good performances comparable with the VLR. Moreover, ELR allows to reach high ethoxylation degree, as in this condition, a good mixing, in the case of high liquid expansion, is difficult to be achieved with the other reactors. Thus, it is possible to work at higher ethoxylation degree respecting safety issues. Finally, a comprehensive model was proposed to describe quantitatively the mentioned reactors. The model is characterized by a general validity and can be easily adapted to each specific reactor configuration.

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Section: Description Of the Reactors And The Related Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 76%

The Evolution of the Fed Batch Ethoxylation Reactors to Produce the Non-Ionic Surfactants

et al. 2021

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“…The EO polymerization kinetic model has been extensively studied for various substrates, − and its main features are reported here in a compact form: Related kinetic laws and equilibrium expressions are as follows: The kinetic model for simulating PO polymerization is quite similar. The only difference is the intervention of slow side reactions of hydrogen transfer that give place to the unsaturated allylic anion (AO – ): As can be seen, side reaction stops the growth of chains, and the formed allylic anions become new chain starters, originating new growing chains of lower molecular weight.…”

Section: Deterministic Kinetic Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo Approach to the Simulation of Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide Polymerization and Copolymerization

Tesser

Santacesaria²

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The simulation of block or random ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) copolymerization with a deterministic model requires the solution of many thousands of differential and algebraic equations. This approach, therefore, is not practicable, requiring too long computer calculation time. The use of a stochastic model allows overcoming this drawback. In this work, a Monte Carlo based model has been developed considering, for a given substrate such as ethylene glycol, only the reaction of the overall consumption of the alkoxides. The addition of new units of EO or PO, respectively, to the hydroxyls of the substrate or the terminal hydroxyls of the growing chains is ruled by the stochastic probability of the two mentioned events. The developed model considers also the effect of the side reaction of PO conversion to allyl alcohol with the formation of new growing polymeric chains. To do the calculations a microscopic volume, assumed to be a well-mixed system, is considered containing about 5000 or a few more molecules, which is a number significant for statistical validity. Kinetic laws and related parameters have been estimated from data published in the literature. Examples of simulations of highmolecular-weight EO and PO homopolymers, of an EO−PO random copolymer, and a triblocks copolymer of the type (EO) a − (PO) b −(EO) a will be presented.Article pubs.acs.org/IECR

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to use representative, fast computing models with the good mapping of the variables and cause-effect in the processes [16]. Consequently, it is required to know the reaction kinetics to be able to reconcile the complexity of the chosen model and to better represent the reactor with the variables available and proposed [17,18]. This work presents experimental results of the kinetics of enzymatic glycerolysis of olive oil in a batch reactor, using Tween 80 as surfactant, n-butanol as co-surfactant and the liquid lipase Lipozyme TL 100L, to evaluate the effect of temperature and enzyme concentration in the feedstock conversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Study of Liquid Lipase-catalyzed Glycerolysis From Olive Oil Using Lipozyme TL 100L

Oliveira¹,

Finco²,

Fiametti³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Monoacylglycerol (MAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG) are two natural components found in most edible oils and fats. Conventional synthesis of MAG and DAG is usually conducted by glycerolysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) at high temperatures (above 200 °C) in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. In this work, the synthesis of MAG and DAG using enzymatic glycerolysis of olive oil was investigated using Tween 80 as surfactant, n-butanol as co-surfactant and the novel lipase in liquid formulation Lipozyme TL 100L as catalyst. Experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of enzyme load and reaction temperature on the feedstock conversion. Enzyme load and system temperature were significant variables in the statistical design and the best condition was found at 35 °C, 7.5 vol% of Lipozyme TL 100 and 2:1 molar ratio (glycerolysis:oil) with conversion of TAG at approximately 98 % after 2 h of process. A mathematical model based on the Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism was used to describe the reaction kinetics. The model adequately described the behavior of the system and can be a useful tool for the design of reactors in larger scales.

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Kinetics and Modeling of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylation in an Industrial Spray Loop Reactor

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

The Evolution of the Fed Batch Ethoxylation Reactors to Produce the Non-Ionic Surfactants

The Evolution of the Fed Batch Ethoxylation Reactors to Produce the Non-Ionic Surfactants

Monte Carlo Approach to the Simulation of Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide Polymerization and Copolymerization

Kinetic Study of Liquid Lipase-catalyzed Glycerolysis From Olive Oil Using Lipozyme TL 100L

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