Kinetics and mechanisms of fatty alcohol polyethoxylation. 2. Narrow-range ethoxylation obtained with barium catalysts

Santacesaria, E.; Serio, Martino Di; Garaffa, Rafael; Addino, G.

doi:10.1021/ie00011a002

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…N-dodecanol, synthesis grade from Merck was alkoxylated by Lipesa (San Tomé, Venezuela) according to a standard synthesis method [24][25][26][27] and the products were used as received. The basic method involves dissolving a KOH catalyst in a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol, which is then evaporated.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Alkoxylated Dodecanol Intermediatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Mixed Propoxy/Ethoxy Spacer Arrangement Order and of the Ionic Head Group Nature on the Adsorption and Aggregation of Extended Surfactants

Forgiarini

Scorzza

Velásquez

et al. 2010

J Surfact & Detergents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two families of extended surfactants were prepared with the same head groups (carboxylate, sulfate, disodium phosphate) and different intermediate spacer structures. In one there was an average of 7 propylene oxide groups on the side of the tail and an average of 7 ethylene oxide groups on the side of the head, to produce a sequence of two different polarity segments. In the other case the spacer contained the same average numbers of propylene and ethylene oxide groups but in some homogeneous arrangement. The intermediate spacer structure, without ionic head group and in the cases of the carboxylate and sulfate extended surfactants, had a packing density reduction which is associated to the homogeneously alkoxide arrangement in the spacer. Such an arrangement was found to produce about 20% more surface area at the interface, apparently because it results in some plumpness due to the spacer folding to remain close to the interface. Both the critical micelle concentration and occupied interfacial area of the extended surfactant increased with the ionization of the anionic group associated with the electrostatic repulsion effect.

show abstract

Section: Synthesis Of Alkoxylated Dodecanol Intermediatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Mixed Propoxy/Ethoxy Spacer Arrangement Order and of the Ionic Head Group Nature on the Adsorption and Aggregation of Extended Surfactants

Forgiarini

Scorzza

Velásquez

et al. 2010

J Surfact & Detergents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Extensive studies on this topic were performed by the group of Santacesaria et al [2][3][4][5][6]. They studied the kinetics of fatty alcohol (1-dodecanol) ethoxylation using potassium hydroxide as catalyst [3] or barium dodecanoate as catalyst [4], the products presenting different chain length distributions depending on the catalyst used. Other related studies are the kinetics of nonylphenol ethoxylation catalyzed by potassium hydroxide [2], ethoxylation and propoxylation of 1-octanol and 2-octanol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide [5], and ethoxylation and propoxylation of ethylene glycol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Modeling of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylation in an Industrial Spray Loop Reactor

Amaral

Giudici

2011

Chem Eng & Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The kinetics of the ethoxylation of fatty alcohols catalyzed by potassium hydroxide was studied to obtain the rate constants for modeling of the industrial process. Experimental data obtained in a lab-scale semibatch autoclave reactor were used to evaluate kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The kinetic model was employed to model the performance of an industrial-scale spray tower reactor for fatty alcohol ethoxylation. The reactor model considers that mass transfer and reaction occur independently in two distinct zones of the reactor. Good agreement between the model predictions and real data was found. These findings confirm the reliability of the kinetic and reactor model for simulating fatty alcohol ethoxylation processes under industrial conditions.

show abstract

“…All reagents and starting materials were obtained from commercial suppliers and used without further purification. TMPD (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol) was alkoxylated according to a standard synthesis method [6][7][8][9][10]. 13 C-NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian Inova 500 MHz NMR Spectrometer with C 6 D 6 as a solvent and acetonitrile as reference.…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regioselective Alkoxylation of 2,2,4‐Trimethyl‐1,3‐pentanediol

Rahman

Band

et al. 2011

J Surfact & Detergents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An efficient procedure for the regioselective synthesis of secondary alcohol alkoxylates from 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol (TMPD) is described. TMPD was reacted with propylene oxide followed by ethylene oxide in the presence of a catalytic amount of alkali metal hydroxide to form secondary alcohol alkoxylates. Instead of a mixture of compounds resulting from the reaction of TMPD and propylene oxide, the primary hydroxyl group of the TMPD reacted to form predominantly 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-hydroxypentylpropoxylate as the major product. On further ethoxylation the less hindered secondary hydroxyl group of the 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-hydroxypentylpropoxylate reacted predominantly. 13 C NMR indicated that the secondary hydroxyl group (96.2 mol%) of TMPD remained unreacted during alkoxylation.

show abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of fatty alcohol polyethoxylation. 2. Narrow-range ethoxylation obtained with barium catalysts

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of the Mixed Propoxy/Ethoxy Spacer Arrangement Order and of the Ionic Head Group Nature on the Adsorption and Aggregation of Extended Surfactants

Influence of the Mixed Propoxy/Ethoxy Spacer Arrangement Order and of the Ionic Head Group Nature on the Adsorption and Aggregation of Extended Surfactants

Kinetics and Modeling of Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylation in an Industrial Spray Loop Reactor

Regioselective Alkoxylation of 2,2,4‐Trimethyl‐1,3‐pentanediol

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About