“…Among succinic acid producers such as Actinobacillus succinogenes (Guettler et al, 1999), Anaerobiospirillum succiniciproducens (Lee et al, 2010), Mannheimia succiniciproducens (Lee et al, 2002), and recombinant Escherichia coli (Jantama et al, 2008), A. succinogenes not only could efficiently produce succinate (Mckinlay et al, 2007), but also could use a wide range of carbon sources, including lactose, xylose, arabinose, cellobiose, and other reduced sugars, to produce succinic acid as the major end product (Guettler et al, 1999;Van der Werf et al, 1997). The cost of carbon sources has been reduced by many renewable resources, such as straw (Zheng et al, 2009), corn fiber , crop stalk wastes (Li et al, 2010c), whey (Wan et al, 2008), wheat (Dorado et al, 2009), and cane molasses (Liu et al, 2008b), all of which could be hydrolyzed into mixed sugars.…”