Kinetic study of gallium electrochemical reduction in alkaline solution

Гладышев, С. В.; Akçıl, Ata; Abdulvaliev, R. A.; Tastanov, Y.; Beisembekova, Kulzhaiyk O.; Temirova, S.

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2013.08.012

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Economically, Ga is largely used in high-tech applications, , including electronics, the missile industry, and the power sector. − The wide application of Ga in human activities would not only lead to a growing demand for Ga, resulting in the urgent exploration of more potential sources beside bauxite or purification and enrichment techniques for low level minerals, − but also modify the biogeochemical cycle of Ga by for example increasing the continental input of Ga to the ocean. Thus, more research is required to better constrain the anthropogenic impact on the biogeochemical cycle of Ga.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise Analysis of Gallium Isotopic Composition by MC-ICP-MS

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Though an isotope approach could be beneficial for better understanding the biogeochemical cycle of gallium (Ga), an analogue of the monoisotopic element aluminum (Al), the geochemistry of Ga isotopes has not been widely elaborated. We developed a two-step method for purifying Ga from geological (biological) samples for precise measurement of Ga isotope ratio using multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). Ga was thoroughly separated from other matrix elements using two chromatographic columns loaded with AG 1-X4 and Ln-spec resin, respectively. The separation method was carefully calibrated using both synthetic and natural samples and validated by assessing the extraction yield (99.8 ± 0.8%, 2SD, n = 23) and the reproducibility (2SD uncertainty better than 0.05‰, n = 116) of the measured isotopic ratio (expressed as δGa). The validation of the whole protocol, together with instrumental analysis, was confirmed by the investigation of the matrix effect, the result of a standard addition experiment, and the comparison of Ga isotope measurement on two mass spectrometers-Nu Plasma II and Neptune Plus. Although the measurements using the sample-standard bracketing (SSB) correction method on both instruments resulted in identical δGa values for reference materials, the modified empirical external normalization (MEEN) method gave relatively better precision compared to SSB on Neptune. Our preliminary results showed large variation of δGa (up to 1.83‰) for 10 standards, with higher values in industrially produced materials, implying potential application of Ga isotopes.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise Analysis of Gallium Isotopic Composition by MC-ICP-MS

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To close the oxidation/reduction cycle of the LM, the gallium oxide produced can be potentially reduced back to gallium using electrochemical reduction methods. 27 While the viability of the reduction process is validated through the electrochemical reduction of gallium oxide (see Supplementary note 2 and Fig. S12, ESI †), future work should focus on the regeneration of the reacted gallium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct conversion of CO₂ to solid carbon by Ga-based liquid metals

Zuraiqi

Zavabeti

Clarke-Hannaford

et al. 2022

Energy Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By utilizing electrochemical techniques, selenium and copper were successfully recovered from the leaching solution without adding any reduction reagents. Although the potential difference between indium and gallium was also large enough for a separate electrodeposition of indium, this was not adopted in the proposed process because of the relatively negative electrode potential of indium and gallium and the high acidity of the leaching solution which would either lead to an extremely low current efficiency or consume an enormous amount of alkaline or water to adjust the pH of the solution, especially for gallium which was often electrodeposited in alkaline solutions. , Thus, dehydration rather than electrodeposition was utilized to recover indium and gallium, separately. SOCl 2 plays three important roles in the separation process: First, SOCl 2 was utilized to dehydrate indium and gallium chloride hydrates to form anhydrous InCl 3 and GaCl 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising Approach for Recycling of Spent CIGS Targets by Combining Electrochemical Techniques with Dehydration and Distillation

Dodbiba

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study proposes an innovative approach to separate and recover copper, indium, gallium, and selenium (CIGS) from spent CIGS targets, which combines electrochemical techniques with dehydration and distillation. The leaching solution of the CIGS first underwent a two-step electrodeposition process to recover selenium and copper. Then, the remaining solution was distilled to recycle HCl and crystallize indium and gallium chlorides. Next, the as-obtained hydrates were dehydrated by refluxing thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 ). Afterward, anhydrous InCl 3 was recovered and separated from GaCl 3 by a simple filtration, and the latter was separated from SOCl 2 by distillation. The recovery of indium was ca. 99.99% with a purity of ca. 99.99%, while ca. 99.98% of gallium was recovered with a purity of ca. 99.99%. Both the recovery and purity are the highest to the best of our knowledge. The separation process was rationally designed to take full advantage of the potential difference of all the elements and the property of the dehydrating agent. This is an environmentally benign, economical, and practical method to recycle spent CIGS efficiently.

show abstract

Kinetic study of gallium electrochemical reduction in alkaline solution

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Precise Analysis of Gallium Isotopic Composition by MC-ICP-MS

Precise Analysis of Gallium Isotopic Composition by MC-ICP-MS

Direct conversion of CO₂ to solid carbon by Ga-based liquid metals

Promising Approach for Recycling of Spent CIGS Targets by Combining Electrochemical Techniques with Dehydration and Distillation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Kinetic study of gallium electrochemical reduction in alkaline solution

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Precise Analysis of Gallium Isotopic Composition by MC-ICP-MS

Precise Analysis of Gallium Isotopic Composition by MC-ICP-MS

Direct conversion of CO2 to solid carbon by Ga-based liquid metals

Promising Approach for Recycling of Spent CIGS Targets by Combining Electrochemical Techniques with Dehydration and Distillation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Direct conversion of CO₂ to solid carbon by Ga-based liquid metals