Kinetic study of epoxidation of Tung oil (Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw) by peroxyacetic acid

Abstract

The use of vegetable oils (VOs) to replace petroleum derivatives is very interesting. This is due to the advantages of VOs, which are relatively biodegradable and renewable. The VOs containing high unsaturated fatty acid, such as Tung oil, soybean oil, rubber oil are very potential materials for biopolymers, which can be reacted further into epoxy, polyols, and even polymers. The kinetic of epoxidation of Tung oil by peroxyacetic acid produced in-situ process was studied. In this study, the formation of peroxyacetic acid was considered as rate determining step, which controlled the overall reaction rate. The process was conducted in batch reaction at atmospheric pressure, constant mixing rate and constant ratio of raw material to acetic acid. The temperature was varied at 40, 50, 60, and 70°C. The reaction samples were taken at specific time during 2-4 hours of reaction. The result shows that the proposed simple kinetics model fits appropriately at lower reaction temperature, but does not agree at higher temperature (more than 60°C). The reaction rate constants is in the range of (3.307–9.634) × 10−6 L.mol−1.s−1, in which its collision factor and activation energy are 286,768 gram.mol−1.min−1 and 30,900 Joule/mol, respectively.

Studies on Epoxidation of Tung oil with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Sulfuric Acid

“…The experimental data used in determining these constants are derived from previously published data [23].…”

“…Studies on Tung oil epoxidation have been previously conducted [22,23]. In a past study, epoxidized dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester can be synthesized from Tung oil.…”

“…This study did not address the effect of process variables and the kinetics of Tung oil epoxidation. The in-situ epoxidation of EVOs from Tung oil using peroxyacetic acid has been previously carried out [23]. This study evaluated the influence of temperature on the epoxidation of Tung oil and the kinetics of homogeneous reactions without considering side reactions.…”

Mass transfer and reaction rate parameters for the in-situ epoxidation of tamanu oil

“…It's crucial to pay close attention to the exothermic nature of the epoxidation process when working with vegetable oils and peracetate. Avoiding potential risks requires the use of the in-situ epoxidation method [1][2][3], in which a heterogeneous system is employed, namely the aqueous and the organic phases, where the PAA formation reaction and the actual epoxidation process, respectively, take place. The step that governs the overall reaction rate is typically the slowest one; It often takes several hours of reaction time to get a high level of conversion [4].…”

“…Notably, none of these studies, however, explored tamanu oil as a raw material for this process. Furthermore, despite existing literature on liquid-liquid phase epoxidation reaction kinetics [2,11,12], these studies predominantly relied on assumptions of homogeneity or pseudo-homogeneity within the reaction kinetics. A few studies ventured into the exploration of heterogeneous kinetics during in-situ epoxidation of vegetable oils [4,7,[13][14][15][16][17].…”