Kinetic Salt Effects on an Ionic Reaction in Ionic Liquid/Methanol Mixtures —Viscosity and Coulombic Screening Effects—

Takahashi, Kenji; Tezuka, Hiroaki; Satoh, Toshifumi; Katsumura, Yosuke; Watanabe, Masayoshi; Crowell, Robert A.; Wishart, James F.

doi:10.1246/cl.2009.236

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The corresponding reaction rate points towards a Coulomb shielding that weakens the electrostatic repulsion and is close to the diffusion‐limited rate for neutral molecules [78] . The rate of the disproportionation of diiodide anions depends on the cation of the salt and increases in RTILs [79] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…[78] The rate of the disproportionation of diiodide anions depends on the cation of the salt and increases in RTILs. [79] A so far undiscussed issue may arise if Coulomb interaction is not the only prevailing driving force in RTILs. As pointed out by Shkrob, [80] it is impossible to accurately describe geminate recombination processes for arbitrary potentials except Coulomb interactions.…”

Section: Linear Detection Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Photoexcitation of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

2020

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Photoexcitation of (neat) room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) leads to the observation of transient species that are reminiscent of the composition of the RTILs themselves. In this minireview, we summarize state‐of‐the‐art in the understanding of the underlying elementary processes. By varying the anion or cation, one aim is to generally predict radiation‐induced chemistry and physics of RTILs. One major task is to address the fate of excess electrons (and holes) after photoexcitation, which implies an overview of various formation mechanisms considering structural and dynamical aspects. Therefore, transient studies on time scales from femtoseconds to microseconds can greatly help to elucidate the most relevant steps after photoexcitation. Sometimes, radiation may eventually result in destruction of the RTILs making photostability another important issue to be discussed. Finally, characteristic heterogeneities can be associated with specific physicochemical properties. Influencing these properties by adding conventional solvents, like water, can open a wide field of application, which is briefly summarized.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Linear Detection Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Photoexcitation of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

2020

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“…When the KH 2 PO 4 concentration increased from 15 to 80 mM, the kinetic salt effect was more significant, and the derivatization efficiency was improved. 32,33 Finally, 5 mM of KH 2 PO 4 was selected for the following experiments (Figure 4B).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the KH 2 PO 4 concentration was lower than 15 mM, the increase in ionic strength resulted in competing adsorption and decreased the derivatization efficiency. When the KH 2 PO 4 concentration increased from 15 to 80 mM, the kinetic salt effect was more significant, and the derivatization efficiency was improved. , Finally, 5 mM of KH 2 PO 4 was selected for the following experiments (Figure B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Online Solid-Phase Derivatization for Sensitive Quantification of Endogenous S-Nitrosoglutathione and Rapid Capture of Other Low-Molecular-Mass S-Nitrosothiols

et al. 2018

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S-Nitrosothiols (RSNOs) constitute a circulating endogenous reservoir of nitric oxide, and have important biological activities. In this study, an online coupling of solid phase derivatization (SPD) with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was developed and applied in the analysis of low-molecular-mass RSNOs. A derivatizing-reagent-modified polymer monolithic column was prepared and adapted for online SPD-LC-MS. Analytes from the LC auto-sampler flowed through the monolithic column for derivatization, and then directly into the LC-MS for analysis. This integration of the online derivatization, LC separation and MS detection facilitated system automation, allowing rapid, laborsaving, and sensitive detection of RSNOs. S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) was quantified using this automated online method with good linearity (R2 = 0.9994); the limit of detection was 0.015 nM. The online SPD-LC-MS method has been used to determine GSNO levels in mouse samples, 138 ± 13.2 nM of endogenous GSNO was detected in mouse plasma. Besides, the GSNO concentrations in liver (64.8 ± 11.3 pmol/mg protein), kidney (47.2 ± 6.1 pmol/mg protein), heart (8.9 ± 1.8 pmol/mg protein), muscle (1.9 ± 0.3 pmol/mg protein), hippocampus (5.3 ± 0.9 pmol/mg protein), striatum (6.7 ± 0.6 pmol/mg protein), cerebellum (31.4 ± 6.5 pmol/mg protein), and cortex (47.9 ± 4.6 pmol/mg protein) were also successfully quantified. When the derivatization was performed within 8 minutes, followed by LC-MS detection, samples could be rapidly analyzed compared with the offline manual method. Other low-molecular-mass RSNOs, such as S-nitrosocysteine and S-nitrosocysteinylglycine, were captured by rapid precursor-ion scanning, showing that the proposed method is a potentially powerful tool for capture, identification and quantification of RSNOs in biological samples.

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“…The corresponding values of the rheological parameters of fresh water are larger than salt water drilling fluid at the same quadripolymer concentrations. The difference is mainly affected by salt screening effect . With the addition of the salt, the electric double layer of the clay particles decreases, which adversely changes the zeta potential of the suspension and enhances the electrostatic repulsion .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation of the AM/AMPS/DMDAAC/SSS quadripolymer as a fluid loss additive for water‐based drilling fluid

Bai

Yang

Xiao

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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According to the molecular structure design requirements of the fluid loss additive resistant to high temperature, 2‐acrylamide‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), acrylamide (AM), dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) are selected as the structure monomers. Using ammonium persulfate as initiator, a new quadripolymer is synthesized through free radical aqueous solution polymerization. According to the minimum filtration loss of the fresh water‐based drilling fluid with 0.5 wt % quadripolymer, The synthesis conditions are optimized by orthogonal test: the mole ratio of AMPS/AM/DMDAAC/SSS is 5/7/2/1, the monomer concentration is 30 wt %, the initiator concentration is 0.8 wt %, the reaction temperature is 75°C and the pH is 10. The structure of the quadripolymer is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy. The results show that the quadripolymer contains all the designed functional groups. The thermal stability of the quadripolymer is tested by thermogravimetry, differential thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the thermal degradation of the quadripolymer is not obvious before 272.3°C. The rheological performance and filtration loss of the quadripolymer are evaluated. The results indicate that the filtration loss decreases with the increasing dosage of the quadripolymer before and after thermal aging test at 180°C for 16 h, and the filtration loss before the thermal aging test is smaller than that after the thermal aging test. The high temperature high pressure filtration loss (FL(HTHP)) experiment results also show that the quadripolymer fluid loss additive has excellent temperature‐resistant performance. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41762.

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Kinetic Salt Effects on an Ionic Reaction in Ionic Liquid/Methanol Mixtures —Viscosity and Coulombic Screening Effects—

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Understanding the Photoexcitation of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Understanding the Photoexcitation of Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Automated Online Solid-Phase Derivatization for Sensitive Quantification of Endogenous S-Nitrosoglutathione and Rapid Capture of Other Low-Molecular-Mass S-Nitrosothiols

Synthesis, characterization, and performance evaluation of the AM/AMPS/DMDAAC/SSS quadripolymer as a fluid loss additive for water‐based drilling fluid

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