Kinetic modeling of a slow flow CW CO2 laser

Abstract

A kinetic model for analysis of the slow-flow CW-discharge CO 2 laser with diffusion cooling has been developed in which the gas temperature is obtained from energy balance equations. The method is based on the numerical solution of a set of nonlinear differential equations for vibrational kinetics. The numerical predictions from the model are compared with some experimental results and a good agreement is obtained.

Generalization of the 6-Temperature model for simulation of super-atmospheric pulsed CO2 lasers output

“…This model provide better simulation results (in respect to 4 and 5-temperature previous models) by taking into account more vibrational energy levels involved in population distribution [3][4][5][6][7]. Nowadays, this model is widely used to theoretical analysis of CW [3,4] and TEA CO 2 [5][6][7] lasers operation, mathematical modeling of the tunable [8] and hybrid [9][10][11] CO 2 lasers, dynamic analysis of Q-switched TEA CO 2 lasers [12] and recently, CW CO 2 laser pulse amplifier [13]. The main development features of this model can be summarized as: (a) taking into account the transitions between the rotational levels of each vibrational state such that, for each vibrational level the rotational relaxations are no longer considered as sudden [14,15].…”

“…They were also the first to add the vibrational states of CO molecules to those of CO 2 and N 2 for prediction of the CO 2 lasers output characteristics by 6-temperature model (6TM). This model provide better simulation results (in respect to 4 and 5-temperature previous models) by taking into account more vibrational energy levels involved in population distribution [3][4][5][6][7]. Nowadays, this model is widely used to theoretical analysis of CW [3,4] and TEA CO 2 [5][6][7] lasers operation, mathematical modeling of the tunable [8] and hybrid [9][10][11] CO 2 lasers, dynamic analysis of Q-switched TEA CO 2 lasers [12] and recently, CW CO 2 laser pulse amplifier [13].…”

Some experimental studies on the UV spark pin-array pre-ionization in TEA CO2 laser

“…Each of these items plays a key role in achieving stable and longterm operation of the laser especially at high repetition rates and sealed-off regime [27][28][29]. Therefore, much experimental [25,[30][31][32] and theoretical [31,[33][34][35][36][37] works have been done * Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed. so far to characterize the spatial-temporal properties of the output pulses of the pulsed CO 2 lasers according to their structural and operational conditions.…”

Simulation and initial experiments of a high power pulsed TEA CO2laser

“…High energy transversely excited atmospheric pressure (TEA) CO 2 lasers play an important role in many scientific, industrial and military applications [1,2]. Many programs have so far been written for simulation of the dynamic emission in such lasers in order to understand their physics and prediction of the output characteristics [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Different theoretical models such as four-, five-, and six-temperature models (6TM) are used to describe the kinetic processes of these types of lasers.…”

“…Some of the presented models use an empirical equation for electron density distribution [3,4] while others make use of pulse forming networks equations [11]. In these models, many electron generation processes such as pre-ionization and some interactions in plasma are ignored.…”