Kinetic, Mechanistic and Spectral Investigation of Ruthenium(III) Catalysed Oxidation of Atenolol by Alkaline Diperiodatonickelate(IV) (Stopped Flow Technique)

Abstract

The kinetics of ruthenium(III) catalysed oxidation of atenolol by diperiodatonickelate(IV) (DPN) in alkaline medium at a constant ionic strength of 1.0 mol dm À3 has been studied spectrophotometrically using a rapid kinetic accessory. The reaction exhibits 1:1 stoichiometry (DPN:atenolol). The reaction shows first order dependence on [DPN] and [Ruthenium(III)] and apparent less than unit order dependence each in atenolol and alkali concentrations. Addition of periodate has no effect on the rate of reaction. Effect of added products, ionic strength and dielectric constant of the reaction medium have been investigated. The main products were identified by IR, NMR, fluorimetry and mass spectral studies. The results suggest the formation of a complex between the atenolol and ruthenium(III) species which reacts with one mole of diperiodatonickelate(IV) species in a rate determining step, resulting in the formation of a free radical, which in a subsequent fast step yields the products. The reaction constants involved in the mechanism were evaluated. The activation parameters were computed with respect to the slow step of the mechanism and discussed.

Ruthenium Nanoparticles Supported on CeO2 for Catalytic Permanganate Oxidation of Butylparaben

“…Among the catalysts which have potential for use in selective oxidations, ruthenium (Ru) takes a special position owing to its versatility. Ru can catalyze numerous oxidative transformations: the oxidation of alkanes, the cleavage of double bonds, the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes, the oxidation of alcohols and ethers and the oxidation of amines and phenols. − Nandibewoor and his colleagues had extensively investigated Ru III -catalyzed permanganate oxidation process either under strongly alkaline ([OH – ] ≥ 0.05 M) or strongly acidic ([H + ] ≥ 0.03 M) conditions. − Ru III was shown to be an excellent catalyst for permanganate oxidation of amino acids ( l -leucine, l -isoleucine, and l -arginine), , atenolol and d -panthenol under strong alkaline conditions and of amitriptyline-A tricyclic antidepressant drug under strong acidic conditions . However, all previous studies employed soluble Ru III to catalyze permanganate oxidation.…”