Kinesins in spermatogenesis†

Abstract

Kinesins are essential for the proper function of many types of polar cells, including epithelial cells, neurons, and sperm. Spermatogenesis is closely associated with many different kinesins. These kinesins participate in several fundamental processes, including mitotic and meiotic division, essential organelle transport, and the biogenesis of peculiar structures for the formation of mature sperm. Kinesin-13, kinesin-8, and the chromokinesin families cooperate to ensure normal sister chromatid congression and segregation. The kinesin-8 family motor KIF18A, kinesin-12 motors PAKRP/kinesin12A and PAKRP1L/kinesin12B, and other kinesin-like motors are essential in the process of homologous chromosome pairing and in the separation to create haploid gametes. During spermiogenesis, the responsibility of a handful of kinesin members lies in the maturation of spermatids into mature, motile, and intact spermatozoa. Such roles are completed upon the release of viable and functional sperm into the lumen of seminiferous tubules. In this process, KIFC1, KIF5C, KRP3A, and KRP3B may be involved in acrosome biogenesis; KIFC1, KIFC5, CHO2, KIF17b, and KIF3A probably contribute to nuclear shaping; KIF17b, KIF3A, and KLC3 are implicated in the tail formation process; and KIF20 and KRP3 likely participate in sperm translocation. KIF17b also exhibited postmeiosis transcriptional activities that are critical for the dramatic alterations observed in nuclear and cytoplasmic structures. This review summarizes the roles of kinesins during mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis, and proposes several important issues for further investigation.

Vital role forPlasmodium bergheiKinesin8B in axoneme assembly during male gamete formation and mosquito transmission

“…Proteomic studies identified 3 kinesins expressed during male gametogenesis (kinesin-8B, -13 and -15)(Khan et al, 2005;Talman et al, 2014), but no functional studies have been conducted until now. In other eukaryotes, orthologues for kinesin-4, -5, -8B, -13 and -15 are known to be involved in microtubule dynamics and particularly mitosis and cilia/flagella length regulation(Almeida & Maiato, 2018;Hu et al, 2015;Ma, Wang, & Yang, 2017;Muhia et al, 2016;Niwa, 2015;Niwa et al, 2012;Shrestha, Hazelbaker, Yount, & Walczak, 2018;Singh, Pandey, Al-Bassam, & Gheber, 2018;van Riel et al, 2017). Unfortunately, concerning PBANKA_0622400, PBANKA_0609500, PBANKA_0809500, PBANKA_0902400 and PBANKA_1224100, no functional data are available and the number of species possessing orthologues of these proteins is currently very limited, making it difficult to construct any hypothesis concerning their roles.…”

Profiling of miRNAs in porcine Sertoli cells

“…The intrinsic factor (e.g., transcriptional factors) movement between the cytoplasm and nucleus dictates germline cell differentiation [41], suggesting that miRNAs could mediate the germ cell differentiation through controlling the intracellular protein transport. Furthermore, the spermatozoa appropriately releasing from SCs is dependent on cell adhesion [42]. The findings implied the potential roles of miRNAs in controlling the release of spermatozoa.…”

Bbs5 functions as the docking compartment of Bbsome binding to Klc3 regulated by Bbs5-Ser246 PKC-phosphorylation during mouse spermatogenesis

“…Kinesins are a family of proteins, essential for the proper function of many polar cells, including epithelial cells, neurons, and sperms. Spermatogenesis is closely associated with many different kinesins [1]. Kinesin light chain 3 (KLC3), a member of the kinesin-1 family, is the only known kinesin light chain expressed in postmeiotic male gamete [2].…”