Kinerja Ekonomi Karet dan Strategi Pengembangan Hilirisasinya di Indonesia

Abstract

<p>Rubber as an export commodity plays an important role in the national economy. Rubber prices fluctuate and tend to decline leading to lower national as rubber areas converted to other more prospective commodities. Downstream rubber industry enhancement is crucial for improving domestic rubber consumption and price stabilization in Indonesia. Export reduction policy carried out by the government for price stabilization is effective but only in the short term. Therefore, downstream rubber industry development is essential to deal with global rubber price fluctuation. Continuous supply and quality maintenance are crucial. Replanting should be implemented such that yield increases and its quality may compete with that imported.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Karet sebagai komoditas ekspor memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Harga karet yang fluktuatif dan menurun dapat memengaruhi produksi karet nasional karena alih fungsi lahan perkebunan karet ke komoditas lain yang lebih prospektif. Hal tersebut akan berdampak pada menurunnya devisa negara dan kesejahteraan petani. Pengembangan hilirisasi karet merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan serapan karet dalam negeri guna mengurangi pengaruh fluktuasi harga karet. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya pengembangan hilirisasi karet dalam mencapai kestabilan harga karet di Indonesia. Kebijakan pengurangan ekspor yang dilakukan pemerintah dalam rangka stabilisasi harga karet cukup efektif, namun hanya berpengaruh dalam jangka pendek. Oleh karena itu pengembangan hilirisasi karet diperlukan untuk mengurangi pengaruh fluktuasi harga karet internasional. Pengembangan hilirisasi karet memerlukan dukungan pemerintah dalam berbagai aspek. Untuk menjaga kontinuitas dan kualitas karet untuk bahan baku industri hilir maka upaya peremajaan karet harus dilakukan agar produktivitas karet meningkat serta kualitasnya dapat bersaing dengan karet impor</p>

Indonesia’s Natural Rubber Productivity and Technically Specified Natural Rubber 20 Export: The Effect of El Nino Southern Oscillation

“…Natural rubber export remained steady despite declining the natural rubber price globally (Perdana, 2019). The TSNR 20 price highly affected export since it signaled natural rubber producers of the prospective high profit to earn.…”

“…FIGURE 1. MONTHLY NATURAL RUBBER PRODUCTIVITY IN INDONESIA VERSUS THE OCEANICNINO INDEX, 2006-2019 SOURCE: NOAA (2021; STATISTICSINDONESIA (2021) …”

Relationship between Economy and Environment of the Natural Rubber Plantation in Major Producers

“…However, those are the two main problems of the natural rubber industry nowadays. Several studies found that the natural rubber productivity is still low compared to other cash crops such as oil palm [29][30][31]. In fact, most of the natural rubber plantations in Thailand, Indonesia, Viet Nam, and India are owned by smallholders, where some of them use uncertified seedling planting material as well as their conventional cultivation practice.…”

Behind Trade Balance Surplus in Kalimantan Barat Amidst Covid-19 Pandemic

“…Since 2017 the price of rubber has been very volatile because natural rubber production tends to exceed market demand so that the stock is abundant and causes prices to fall. Facing this, the Indonesian government, Malaysia, and the Thailand International Tripartite Rubber Council (ITRC) agreed to reduce rubber exports to increase rubber prices (Perdana, 2020). The policy benefited rubber farmers; this was proven by an increase in rubber export prices (Purwaninngrat, Novianti & Dermoredjo, 2020).…”