Kinematics of normal locomotion—A statistical study based on T.V. data

Comparison of maximal and spontaneous speeds during walking on dry land and water

“…The speed values results of this study are identical to those found in the literature for spontaneous [11,[19][20][21][22] and maximal [20] speeds concerning forward walking on dry land.…”

Spatial, temporal and muscle action patterns of Tai Chi gait

“…First, NG is one of the most essential daily activities, and has been used as a form of balance exercise for elders [1,23]. Its biomechanical characteristics are welldocumented [38,39,45]. And second, TCG can be considered a modified NG.…”

“…However, the NG in this study was performed at a different speed than the TCG. It is well demonstrated that gait speed has a direct impact on its temporal, spatial, and muscle activity patterns [12,28,39,44]. Because of the nature of TCG, it is impossible to walk at the same speed as the TCG without losing the inherent characteristics of NG.…”

Human movement analysis using stereophotogrammetry

“…Geometric centroid [61] and circle-fitting [64] are among the methods implemented in current OSSs [16]. The accuracy of geometric centroid estimation was assessed with a simulation approach [63,65], showing a trade-off of error against marker size. The circle-fitting procedure estimates the marker centroid as the center of the pixelized circle based on a least-squares approach [66].…”