Kinematics of normal child locomotion — A statistical study based on TV data

Foley, Cydne D.; Quanbury, Arthur O.; Steinke, T.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(79)90002-2

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…But these differences are only apparent, as they reflect the differences in body height of the groups of persons. If the stride length is expressed as a percentage of the person's height (Foley et al 1979) no difference is found as the percentage is virtually constant (range 58 to 59 per cent).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Normal Gait of Young and Old Men and Women:Ground Reaction Force Measurement on a Treadmill

Jansen

Vittas

Hellberg

et al. 1982

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Normal Gait of Young and Old Men and Women:Ground Reaction Force Measurement on a Treadmill

Jansen

Vittas

Hellberg

et al. 1982

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…On the other hand, the more apelike or primitive features that are found within the lower limb of A. afarensis argue for a somewhat less adept biped with shorter strides and more muscular effort involved in striding relative to modern humans (Jungers, 1982;Stern and Susman, 1983;Reynolds, 1987). Jungers (1988) has likened australopithecine bipedalism to that of 6-to 13year-old children in his citation of Foley et al (1979). This assessment seems like a reasonable model for early australopithecine bipedalism.…”

Section: What Are the Advantages Of Arm Suspension For Living Primates?mentioning

confidence: 90%

Climbing, brachiation, and terrestrial quadrupedalism: Historical precursors of hominid bipedalism

Gebo

1996

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

215

214

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The vertical-climbing account of the evolution of locomotor behavior and morphology in hominid ancestry is reexamined in light of recent behavioral, anatomical, and paleontological findings and a more firmly established phylogeny for the living apes. The behavioral record shows that African apes, when arboreal, are good vertical climbers, and that locomotion during traveling best separates the living apes into brachiators (gibbons), scrambling/ climbing/brachiators (orangutans), and terrestrial quadrupeds (gorillas and chimpanzees). The paleontological record documents frequent climbing as an ancestral catarrhine ability, while a reassessment of the morphology of the torso and forelimb in living apes and Atelini suggests that their shared unique morphological pattern is best explained by brachiation and forelimb suspensory positional behavior. Further, evidence from the hand and foot points to a terrestrial quadrupedal phase in hominoid evolution prior to the adoption of bipedalism. The evolution of positional behavior from early hominoids to hominids appears to have begun with an arboreal quadrupedal-climbing phase and proceeded though an orthograde, brachiating, forelimb-suspensory phase, which was in turn followed by arboreal and terrestrial quadrupedal phases prior to the advent of hominid bipedality. The thesis that protohominids climbed down from the trees to become terrestrial bipeds needs to be reexamined in light of a potentially long history of terrestriality in the ancestral protohominid.

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“…The authors reported good relationships with stature for hip minimum, knee minimum, and knee maximum angular values. Two studies have reported a remarkable likeness in joint angular excursions in adults and children (Foley et al, 1979;Sutherland et al, 1980), but in neither of these studies was speed controlled.…”

Section: Angular Parameters and Sizementioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of growth and speed on hindlimb joint angular displacement patterns in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)

Vilensky

Gankiewicz

1990

American J Phys Anthropol

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Hip, knee, and ankle joint displacement patterns are compared across both age and speed for five immature vervet monkeys sampled approximately every 6 months over a 3 year period. The analysis indicated that, as a group, the animals displayed no consistent changes in joint patterns as they grew. However, individual animals showed consistent patterns. There were also no consistent effects of size across animals at the walk-gallop transition. This is contrary to McMahon's prediction (J. Appl. Physiol. 39:619-627, 1975) based upon his elastic-similarity model of animal scaling. With increasing speed, when symmetrical gaits were used, all of the animals tended to show a decrease in the relative positions of the hip, knee, and ankle maximum values. Furthermore, across the walk-gallop transition, the animals tended to show a decrease in the range of ankle and knee movements.

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Kinematics of normal child locomotion — A statistical study based on TV data

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Normal Gait of Young and Old Men and Women:Ground Reaction Force Measurement on a Treadmill

Normal Gait of Young and Old Men and Women:Ground Reaction Force Measurement on a Treadmill

Climbing, brachiation, and terrestrial quadrupedalism: Historical precursors of hominid bipedalism

Effects of growth and speed on hindlimb joint angular displacement patterns in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)

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