KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> crystallisation from potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate

Jančaitienė, Kristina; Šlinkšienė, Rasa

doi:10.1515/pjct-2016-0001

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In accordance with the data in literature [21], in our opinion, the X-ray diffraction pattern of a fertilizer show that with addition of ammonium nitrate at 14% in Figure 4, II, all compositions of the solid phase can be attributed to the potassium nitrate. The X-ray images below show most of the peaks that are characteristic to potassium nitrate (interplanar spacingsd: 0.5309, 0.3383, 0.3055, 0.2639 and 0.2369 nm).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Solid-liquid equilibrium in liquid compound fertilizers

Jančaitienė

Šlinkšienė

2018

CI&CEQ

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concentrations were determined • The solid-liquid equilibrium in the liquid phase after conversion was determined • N content in the liquid phase increased and crystallization temperature decreased with adding of NH 4 NO 3(s) • Basic properties of liquid compound fertilizers were determined • The liquid phase after conversion can be used as a liquid compound fertilizer during the summer Abstract Liquid compound fertilizers (LCF) are aqueous salt solutions which nourish the soil. They contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sometimes calcium, magnesium and micronutrients. An LCF solution has practically no insoluble residue and contains the elements in a fully digestible form and is a high-speed, highly effective fertilizer. It is important to assess the equilibrium in the solid-liquid system when creating liquid compound fertilizers, since their basic properties, concentration and crystallization temperature, depend on it. The aim of the study was to determine properties of a liquid multicomponent (K + , NH 4 + , Cland PO 4 3-) system. This liquid multicomponent system, which was obtained as a by-product in the conversion of KCl and NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , can be used as a liquid fertilizer. This work investigates liquid fertilizers' chemical composition and their physicochemical properties, such as crystallization temperature, pH, density, viscosity and corrosivity. In order to increase nitrogen concentration, ammonium nitrate was added. Composition of the solid phase obtained by crystallization was identified by methods of chemical and instrumental analysis (radiography, infrared molecular absorption spectroscopy and optical microscopy). The results show that all properties of liquid fertilizers are best when the concentration of NH 4 NO 3 in liquid solutions equals 8%.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The results indicate that the composition of the solid phase is not greatly influenced by temperature. The equilibrium between solid and liquid phases and their composi- [19,20]. For solutions to be used as LCF, it is necessary to determine their crystallization temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-liquid equilibrium in liquid compound fertilizers

Jančaitienė

Šlinkšienė

2018

CI&CEQ

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“…The phases were separated from each other by filtering through the Buchner filter and analyzed by employing methods of chemical and instrumental analysis. The chemical composition of the solid phase was determined with chemical methods and was presented in previous work [34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of cellulose additive on the granulation process of potassium dihydrogen phosphate

Jančaitienė

Šlinkšienė

2020

CI&CEQ

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KH2PO4, which was manufactured using conversion of KCl and NH4H2PO4, is concentrated crystalline chlorine-free phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. It is usually used as a component of liquid complex fertilizer, because KH2PO4 crystals melt very easily, have very high hygroscopicity and caking effect. Granulated products are considerably more convenient than powders, but KH2PO4 crystals are pure, hardly agglomerate, therefore they need a proper binder. This study aims to investigate the influence of cellulose additive and other different conditions on the granulation process and on the properties of the granulated product. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate was granulated using three different types of granulators (rotary, a fluidized bed and a drum) and by changing the amount of water used for irrigation purposes. The achieved results indicate that in order to obtain granulated potassium dihydrogen phosphate with optimal properties the use of water does not suffice; therefore, another binder (cellulose) was used in order to improve physical and mechanical properties of the granules. Was determined that cellulose additive (5%) improves some properties of the fertilizer such as, the amount of marketable fraction, SGN, pH, also reduces the hygroscopicity of the fertilizer granules about 2 times. But cellulose additive does not improves the static strength of granules and bulk density. Highlights1. Fluidized bed and rotary granulators cannot be used to obtain granulated PDP.2. For PDP granulation can be used drum-granulator-dryer.3. PDP cannot be granulated by using water.4. MC addition improving the most important properties of fertilizer.

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“…CNT-rec diffractogram presents an unexpected peak at 2θ = 24°, which can be associated with possible residues from the biodegradation test, such as mineral salts. This peak is characteristic of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH 2 PO 4 ) [75,76], one of the mineral salts used in the biodegradation test [26].…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the use of carbon nanotubes recovered from a biodegradation process in the production of new biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

Silva¹,

Girotto²,

Montanheiro³

et al. 2023

Express Polym. Lett.

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The search for environmentally friendly materials has motivated a lot of investigations in academia and industry. In this regard, biodegradable polymers have stood out as an alternative material mainly to replace synthetic polymers and in the production of materials from renewable resources [1, 2]. However, with the advancement in the production and use of biodegradable polymers, new questions have arisen in the literature. The effective biodegradation of these materials when disposed of in a conducive environment. The possibility of recycling increases their useful life

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KH₂PO₄ crystallisation from potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Solid-liquid equilibrium in liquid compound fertilizers

Solid-liquid equilibrium in liquid compound fertilizers

Influence of cellulose additive on the granulation process of potassium dihydrogen phosphate

Evaluation of the use of carbon nanotubes recovered from a biodegradation process in the production of new biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

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KH2PO4 crystallisation from potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Solid-liquid equilibrium in liquid compound fertilizers

Solid-liquid equilibrium in liquid compound fertilizers

Influence of cellulose additive on the granulation process of potassium dihydrogen phosphate

Evaluation of the use of carbon nanotubes recovered from a biodegradation process in the production of new biodegradable polymer nanocomposites

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KH₂PO₄ crystallisation from potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate