Keynote Address - Reproductive health: global infertility trend

Etuk, SJ

doi:10.4314/njps.v24i2.52920

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, the 68% of South African women achieving pregnancy in the first year is within the 67 to 85% range reported for five European countries in a multi-country population study [18]. An article on global infertility trend, published in 2009, showed that the rate of infertility (the proportion of women who fail to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of trying) ranges between 20 and 30% for African settings in contrast to 6 - 10% for some western countries [28]. A common misconception is that subfertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes are not a concern in Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Time-to-pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a South African population

et al. 2010

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BackgroundTime-to-pregnancy (TTP) has never been studied in an African setting and there are no data on the rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes in South Africa. The study objectives were to measure TTP and the rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes in South Africa, and to determine the reliability of the questionnaire tool.MethodsThe study was cross-sectional and applied systematic stratified sampling to obtain a representative sample of reproductive age women for a South African population. Data on socio-demographic, work, health and reproductive variables were collected on 1121 women using a standardized questionnaire. A small number (n = 73) of randomly selected questionnaires was repeated to determine reliability of the questionnaire. Data was described using simple summary statistics while Kappa and intra-class correlation statistics were calculated for reliability.ResultsOf the 1121 women, 47 (4.2%) had never been pregnant. Mean gravidity was 2.3 while mean parity was 2.0 There were a total of 2467 pregnancies; most (87%) resulted in live births, 9.5% in spontaneous abortion and 2.2% in still births. The proportion of planned pregnancies was 39% and the median TTP was 6 months. The reliability of the questionnaire for TTP data was good; 63% for all participants and 97% when censored at 14 months. Overall reliability of reporting adverse pregnancy outcomes was very high, ranging from 90 - 98% for most outcomes.ConclusionThis is the first comprehensive population-based reproductive health study in South Africa, to describe the biologic fertility of the population, and provides rates for planned pregnancies and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The reliability of the study questionnaire was substantial, with most outcomes within 70 - 100% reliability index. The study provides important public information for health practitioners and researchers in reproductive health. It also highlights the need for public health intervention programmes and epidemiological research on biologic fertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Time-to-pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a South African population

et al. 2010

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“…This proportion is within the 67-85% range reported for five European countries in a multi-country population study (20). An article on the trend for global infertility, published in 2009, noted that the rate of infertility ranges between 6-10% for some Western countries (21). Our data would suggest an association between the regularity of menstruation cycles and longer TTFP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of waiting time to first pregnancy in the south of Iran: A parametric frailty model approach

Zare

Nouri

Moradi

et al. 2017

IJRM

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Background: Time to first pregnancy (TTFP) has never been studied in an Iranian setting. Lifestyle, occupational and environmental factors have been suggested to affect the female reproduction. Objective: This study was conducted to measure TTFP in the south of Iran and survey the effects of several similar factors on TTFP by frailty models. Materials and Methods:The data on TTFP were available for 882 women who were randomly selected from the rural population (the south of Iran). Only the first and the planned pregnancies of every woman were included. The data were collected retrospectively by using self-administered questionnaires. Frailty and shared frailty models were used to determine which factors had the highest impact on TTFP. Results: The median TTFP was 6.4 months and several factors were surveyed. However, only the age of marriage, height, maternal education and regularity of menstruation prior to conception were selected in the multivariable models. Conclusion: Among the several factors which were included in the study, the result of frailty model showed that the height, age of marriage and regular menstruation seemed more notable predictors of TTFP.

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“…In Africa, infertility prevalence rates are feared to be higher and range from 20 to 35% (Eze and Okonofua, 2015). The “infertility belt,” geographical regions with high infertility prevalence, is well-known to Africa, stretching from West Africa, through Central to East Africa (Irvine, 1998; Larsen, 2000; Etuk, 2009). Sperm count declined to a mean of 71.2 million/ml in Ibadan, Nigeria, 54.6 million/ml in Lagos, Nigeria, 65.0 million/ml in Salem, Libya, 66.9 million/ml in Dar Es salaam and Tanzania (Elkin and Fenster, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Pleurotus tuber-regium on Carbon- Tetrachloride Induced Testicular Injury in Sprague Dawley Rats

2016

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The high rate of male infertility and the meager resources to manage same in sub Saharan Africa have necessitated the search for cost effective and available alternatives. Mushrooms have been used traditionally in folk medicine and as nutraceuticals. This study has investigated the effect of the wild mushroom Pleurotus tuber-regium on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) deleterious effects on the reproductive system of male rats. Thirty six rats were divided into six groups of six animals each. Group I (negative control) received 10 ml/kg olive oil intraperitoneal weekly in addition to feed and water ad libitum. Group II (positive control) received CCl4 10 ml/kg (30% in Olive oil) weekly. Group III, IV, and V received 100 mg, 20 0mg, and 500 mg P. tuber-regium (33.3% in feed) daily in addition to 10 ml/kg CCl4 weekly. Group VI received 500 mg P. tuber-regium (33.3% in feed) daily. After 4 weeks, sperm motility, epididymal count and vitality were determined. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), testosterone, Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin and oestradiol were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Histopathologic examinations of the testis were carried out. Carbon tetrachloride significantly reduced the sperm motility (54.33 ± 3.79%), epididymal count (28.73 ± 2.86 × 106/ml, vitality (4.96 ± 0.62), LH (0.88 ± 0.14), FSH (2.04 ± 0.33), and Testosterone (2.02 ± 0.24) when compared with control (89.33 ± 9.01), 91.91 ± 1.92 × 106/ml, 13.12 ± 0.19, 2.74 ± 0.32, 3.64 ± 0.62, and 4.16 ± 0.23, respectively, which were reversed by P. tuber-regium administration. Co-administration of P. tuber-regium plus CCl4 significantly reduced MDA level. P. tuber-regium showed dose dependent ameliorative activity against CCl4 deleterious action on the testis and may be beneficial in the management of male infertility.

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Keynote Address - Reproductive health: global infertility trend

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Time-to-pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a South African population

Time-to-pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a South African population

The study of waiting time to first pregnancy in the south of Iran: A parametric frailty model approach

Protective Effects of Pleurotus tuber-regium on Carbon- Tetrachloride Induced Testicular Injury in Sprague Dawley Rats

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