Key participants of the tumor microenvironment of the prostate: An approach of the structural dynamic of cellular elements and extracellular matrix components during epithelial–stromal transition

Gonçalves, Bianca F.; Campos, Silvana G. P.; Costa, Carolina Frandsen Pereira da; Scarano, Wellerson Rodrigo; Góes, Rejane Maira; Taboga, Sebastião Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2014.10.009

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…A reduction of E-cadherin is a key feature of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, known to be associated with metastases (31). Col1 fibers can increase cell invasiveness by reducing E-cadherin mediated cell-cell adhesion (32). Our data support evaluating Col1 fiber patterns to predict for prostate cancer aggressiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Function of a Prostate Cancer Dissemination–Permissive Extracellular Matrix

Penet

Kakkad

Pathak

et al. 2017

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose The poor prognosis of metastatic prostate cancer continues to present a major challenge in prostate cancer treatment. The tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in facilitating metastasis. Here we investigated the structure and function of an ECM that facilitates prostate cancer metastasis by comparing orthotopic tumors that frequently metastasize, to poorly metastatic subcutaneous tumors. Experimental Design Both tumors were derived from a human prostate cancer PC3 cell line engineered to fluoresce under hypoxia. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy was used to characterize collagen 1 (Col1) fiber patterns in the xenografts as well as in human samples. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine albumin-Gd-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (alb-GdDTPA) transport through the ECM using a saturation recovery MR method combined with fast T1 SNAPSHOT-FLASH imaging. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were also quantified in these tumors. Results Significant structural and functional differences were identified in the prometastatic orthotopic tumor ECM compared to the less metastatic subcutaneous tumor ECM. The significantly higher number of CAFs in orthotopic tumors may explain the higher Col1 fiber volumes in these tumors. In vivo, alb-GdDTPA pooling was significantly elevated in metastatic orthotopic tumors, consistent with the increased Col1 fibers. Conclusions Developing noninvasive MRI indices of macromolecular transport, together with characterization of Col1 fiber patterns and CAFs can assist in stratifying prostate cancers for aggressive treatments or active surveillance. These results highlight the role of CAFs in supporting or creating aggressive cancers, and the importance of depleting CAFs to prevent metastatic dissemination in prostate cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Function of a Prostate Cancer Dissemination–Permissive Extracellular Matrix

Penet

Kakkad

Pathak

et al. 2017

Clinical Cancer Research

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“…This could explain the morphometric changes reported in certain tumor cell lines invading elastic lamina [29, 46]. …”

Section: Elastic Fibersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Proteins of the ECM play role in cell adhesion and cell signaling, and remodeling of ECM influences cancer spread and invasion. The “new” microenvironment, created in this way, is continuously changing to support the formation of glandular structures and tumor structures, as shown in some animal models [21, 27-29]. …”

Section: Fibroblasts and Myofibroblastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prostate cancer stroma: an important factor in cancer growth and progression

2015

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Reactive stromal changes that occur in different human cancers might play a role in local tumor spreading and progression. Studies done on various human cancers have shown activated stromal cell phenotypes, modified extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, and increased microvessel density. Furthermore, they exhibit biological markers consistent with stroma at the site of wound repair. In prostate cancer, stroma is composed of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial cells and immune cells. Predominant cells in the tumorous stroma are, however, fibroblasts/myofibroblasts. They are responsible for the synthesis, deposition and remodeling of the ECM. Epithelial tumorous cells, in interaction with stromal cells and with the help of various molecules of ECM, create a microenvironment suitable for cancer cell proliferation, movement, and differentiation. In this review, we discussed the role of different stromal components in prostate cancer as well as their potential prognostic and therapeutic significance.

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“…Most important, the ECM components are closely related to tumor progression, growth, cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis . Researchers claimed that the main components of collagen and elastic fibers provide mechanical strength and flexibility to tissue . One study found that collagen became stiffer as it was stretched and deemed that collagen could resist tensile stress .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Tumor Stiffness With Shear Wave Elastography in a Human Prostate Cancer Xenograft Implantation Model

Wang

Yao

et al. 2017

J Ultrasound Med

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Key participants of the tumor microenvironment of the prostate: An approach of the structural dynamic of cellular elements and extracellular matrix components during epithelial–stromal transition

Cited by 22 publications

References 105 publications

Structure and Function of a Prostate Cancer Dissemination–Permissive Extracellular Matrix

Structure and Function of a Prostate Cancer Dissemination–Permissive Extracellular Matrix

Prostate cancer stroma: an important factor in cancer growth and progression

Assessment of Tumor Stiffness With Shear Wave Elastography in a Human Prostate Cancer Xenograft Implantation Model

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