Kesesuaian Dan Daya Dukung Kawasan Untuk Kegiatan Ekowisata Diving Dan Snorkeling Di Perairan Gugusan Pulau Duyung

Abstract

Pengembangan pulau kecil untuk pemanfaatan ekowisata alam memiliki keterbatasan, salah satunya ukuran yang relatif kecil, sumber daya alam dan manusia yang terbatas sehingga aktivitas pemanfaatan wisata bahari pada ekosistem terumbu karang rentan menimbulkan dampak. Perairan Desa Pulau Duyung terdiri dari beberapa gugusan pulau kecil diantaranya Pulau Duyung, Pulau Salamanang dan Pulau Dasi merupakan gugusan pulau kecil yang memiliki potensi sumberdaya pesisir yang masih alami yang akan dikembangkan sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata bahari di Kabupaten Lingga. Pemanfaatan wisata bahari di pulau kecil rentan menimbulkan dampak terhadap ekosisitem, pengembangan harus memperhatikan batasan kemampuan lahan atau dikenal dengan daya dukung lingkungan. Implementasi konsep daya dukung lingkungan melalui pembatasan kapasitas daya dukung fisik yang mampu ditopang oleh kawasan dalam menerima kunjungan wisatawan di pulau kecil diharapkan mampu meminimalkan dampak negatif bagi ekosistem. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan analisa kesesuaian ekowisata diving dan snorkeling serta kapasitas jumlah pengunjung yang diperbolehkan untuk kegiatan ekowisata diving dan snorkeling pada ekosistem terumbu karang di Perairan Desa Pulau Duyung. Pengamatan data lapangan kondisi status ekosistem karang dilakukan pada April 2014 dan pengumpulan data kualitas air diperoleh pada Agustus 2016. Pengamatan terumbu karang dilakukan dengan metode Line Intersept Transect (LIT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persentase tutupan karang hidup di perairan Desa Pulau Duyung berkisar 23–64%, status terumbu karang termasuk dalam kategori sehat dengan persentase tutupan karang hidup rata-rata 36,93 % dengan kategori sedang. Bentuk lifeform terumbu karang terdiri dari Acropora sp, Lithopyllon sp, Montipora sp, Massif sp, Goniastrea sp, Favia sp, Platygyra sp dan Lobophyllia sp. Pulau Duyung dan sekitarnya sangat sesuai dikembangkan untuk ekowisata menyelam dengan nilai indeks kesesuaian wisata (IKW) rata-rata sebesar 80%, dan IKW rata-rata untuk wisata snorkeling mencapai 72,2 dengan kategori sesuai. Hasil perhitungan daya dukung fisik kapasitas pengunjung yang dapat ditampung untuk kegiatan Diving sebanyak 1.484 orang/hari dan snorkeling maksimal 1.431 orang /hari. Development of small islands to be used as natural tourism has limitations, one of which is the relatively small size, limited natural and human resources so that the activity of utilizing marine tourism on coral reef ecosystems is vulnerable to impact. Its development must take into account the limitations of land capability or known as environmental carrying capacity, which is expected to be able to minimize negative impacts in the ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to analyze the suitability of the waters for the development of marine ecotourism and calculate the carrying capacity of the Duyung Island area for Diving and Snorkeling Ecotourism activities. Field observations were carried out in April 2014 and August 2016, data analysis was carried out in May 2020. Observations of coral reefs were carried out using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method. The results of the study showed that the percentage of live coral cover on Duyung Island and its surroundings ranged from 23 – 64%, with an overall average of 36.93% or a moderate category. Duyung Island and its surroundings are suitable for developing marine ecotourism with a carrying

Diversity of the Tabuhan Island coral reef fish revealed by DNA barcoding and implication on conservation strategy in Banyuwangi, Indonesia

“…This restriction is adjusted to the ability of the region to receive visits. The concept of this restriction has been applied in several tourist areas that pay attention to the carrying capacity of the area, such as in the Duyung Island Arcipelago, Riau Archipelago (Mukhlis et al 2022), Sebesi Island, Lampung (Johan 2016), Karimun Jawa Archipelago, Jawa Tengah (Sulisyati 2016), Dodola Island of Morotai Arciphelago, Maluku Utara (Koroy et al 2018).…”

Carrying capacity of mangrove environment for development of river cruise ecotourism in Pengudang, Bintan Island, Indonesia

“…In order for the use of the mangrove forest environment to improve the local community's economy and its condition can also be maintained and sustainable, it is necessary to provide information on the ability of the ecosystem environment to support the presence of tourists so that environmental damage due to human activities can be minimized. The natural carrying capacity of mangrove woodlands is the capacity of mangrove woodland assets to preserve their work and quality without reducing the capacity to supply benefit offices within the frame of characteristic entertainment and the carrying capacity of characteristic diversion is the ability of resources to preserve their work and quality in arrange to supply the specified recreational involvement [11] and the carrying capacity of natural recreation is defined as the ability of resources to maintain their benefits and quality in order to provide their own experiences for tourists [12] or the number of visitors of a tourist area that can be accommodated with a high level of visitor satisfaction and minimal impact on resources [13] [14]. The principle of carrying capacity will be a guideline in the complete planning of mangrove forest recreation areas, especially in ecologically vulnerable areas, so that it is hoped that the function and quality of the planned activities will not damage the ecological functions of mangroves [15].…”