2004
DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2004.30080.x
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Keratoacanthoma: A Clinico-Pathologic Enigma

Abstract: KA is an abortive malignancy that rarely progresses into an invasive SCC. The KA may serve as a marker for the important autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome, the Muir-Torre syndrome, as a result of a defective DNA mismatch repair gene.

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Cited by 148 publications
(233 citation statements)
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“…Although KAs are known to be benign, some authors accept them as a variant of SCC. Some KA cases that were initially diagnosed as benign progressed to be metastatic, exhibiting aggressive behavior (3)(4)(5). The immunohistochemical markers that have been used for years to distinguish between SCC and KA in studies are: p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen , telomerase and COX-2 , transforming growth factor-α, angiotensin-type I receptor, vascular cell adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule, Ki-67, p16 tumor suppressor antigen, matrix metalloproteinases, syndecan-1 and Bcl-2 (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although KAs are known to be benign, some authors accept them as a variant of SCC. Some KA cases that were initially diagnosed as benign progressed to be metastatic, exhibiting aggressive behavior (3)(4)(5). The immunohistochemical markers that have been used for years to distinguish between SCC and KA in studies are: p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen , telomerase and COX-2 , transforming growth factor-α, angiotensin-type I receptor, vascular cell adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule, Ki-67, p16 tumor suppressor antigen, matrix metalloproteinases, syndecan-1 and Bcl-2 (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Acomete principalmente indivíduos de pele clara, faixa etária elevada, com predileção por áreas corporais fotoexpostas, como face e membros superiores. 1 Pode haver várias apresentações clinicomorfológicas ou formas sindrômicas de QA, embora a forma solitária seja a mais freqüente. 2,3 Estudos de análise da expressão de citoqueratinas sugerem a origem do QA nos folículos pilosos com diferenciação semelhante à do carcinoma espinocelular.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…1 Pode haver várias apresentações clinicomorfológicas ou formas sindrômicas de QA, embora a forma solitária seja a mais freqüente. 2,3 Estudos de análise da expressão de citoqueratinas sugerem a origem do QA nos folículos pilosos com diferenciação semelhante à do carcinoma espinocelular. 4 A exata etiologia dos QA, porém, não foi estabelecida, sendo a exposição solar crônica o principal fator incriminado, além de co-fatores como imunossupressão, tabagismo, trauma, cicatrização, radiodermite, lúpus eritematoso discóide, contato com carcinógenos (alcatrão), entre outros citados.…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…SCC appears as a persistent, slow-growing, non-healing lesion, with an inexorable progression characterized by local growth, tissue destruction, and even metastasis. Despite the fact that KA and SCC have been considered to be two separate entities (Mukunyadzi et al 2002;Schwartz 2004), the presence of overlapping features and the possibility of malignant transformation, especially in older patients and in photoexposed areas (Sanchez et al 2000), has recently led to the hypothesis that the two neoplasias might well represent the two extreme ends of the same spectrum, with forms of transition and possibility of evolution of KA toward SCC (Fernandez-Flores 2005;Cabibi et al 2011).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%