“…Implementation of the Independent Curriculum requires the readiness and ability of teachers to develop and deliver competency-based learning. There may be barriers in terms of teacher knowledge, skills, and understanding of the new learning approaches and methodologies required" (P1, lines 19-24) Teachers carrying out teaching and learning activities in class, fieldwork practices and competency tests, and vocational-related activities have applied the principles of independent learning, such as child-centred learning (Pramuniati, 2009), digital technology learning (Rodrigues et al, 2021), and the application of differentiated learning (Hasanah, Suyatno, et al, 2022). Teachers have also implemented assessments in the learning process using formative and summative assessments in daily assessments of achievement of learning objectives and end-of-semester assessments to test comprehensive knowledge of all learning outcomes and elements.…”