Keep it to yourself? Parent emotion suppression influences physiological linkage and interaction behavior.

Waters, Sara F.; Karnilowicz, Helena R.; West, Tessa V.; Mendes, Wendy Berry

doi:10.1037/fam0000664

Cited by 40 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Diarrhea in early childhood has been linked to negative cognitive outcomes [50][51][52], and the sanitation intervention may reduce children's exposure to this factor [53]. Second, improved housing quality may also be linked with on-track cognitive development by protecting parental mental health [54,55], which could potentially affect parent-child interactions [56,57]. Water and sanitation interventions have shown effectiveness in reducing maternal depressive symptoms [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing environment and early childhood development in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2021

PLoS Med

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Background The influence of the safety and security of environments on early childhood development (ECD) has been under-explored. Although housing might be linked to ECD by affecting a child’s health and a parent’s ability to provide adequate care, only a few studies have examined this factor. We hypothesized that housing environment is associated with ECD in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods and findings From 92,433 children aged 36 to 59 months who participated in Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) in 20 SSA countries, 88,271 were tested for cognitive and social–emotional development using the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) questionnaire and were thus included in this cross-sectional analysis. Children’s mean age was 47.2 months, and 49.8% were girls. Children were considered developmentally on track in a certain domain if they failed no more than 1 ECDI item in that domain. In each country, we used conditional logistic regression models to estimate the association between improved housing (housing with finished building materials, improved drinking water, improved sanitation facilities, and sufficient living area) and children’s cognitive and social–emotional development, accounting for contextual effects and socioeconomic factors. Estimates from each country were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted by the child’s gender, maternal education, and household wealth quintiles. On-track cognitive development was associated with improved housing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24, p < 0.001), improved drinking water (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.14, p = 0.046), improved sanitation facilities (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.28, p = 0.014), and sufficient living area (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10, p = 0.018). On-track social–emotional development was associated with improved housing only in girls (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.25, p = 0.006). The main limitations of this study included the cross-sectional nature of the datasets and the use of the ECDI, which lacks sensitivity to measure ECD outcomes. Conclusions In this study, we observed that improved housing was associated with on-track cognitive development and with on-track social–emotional development in girls. These findings suggest that housing improvement in SSA may be associated not only with benefits for children’s physical health but also with broader aspects of healthy child development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing environment and early childhood development in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2021

PLoS Med

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“…We processed the data in 30-second intervals using Mindware’s heart rate variability software (HRV 3.0.25, Mindware Technologies, Gahanna, OH), which identified the R-point of each heartbeat on the ECG waveform. We chose intervals of 30 seconds because they are long enough to capture changes in IBI due to psychological experiences and because, in our experience, they tend to capture linkage that occurs during the natural back-and-forths and exchanges that occur in conversations ( Thorson et al , 2019b ; Waters et al , 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological linkage among successful high-status women in international teams

Thorson

Dumitru

West

2020

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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In contemporary society, decisions are often made by teams whose members represent different nationalities and genders. In the current work, participants from 55 countries formed groups of three to four people to select one of five firms in a mock firm search. In all groups, one woman was randomly assigned to have higher status than her groupmates; she was also surreptitiously instructed to persuade her group to select one (randomly-assigned) firm. We measured cardiac interbeat intervals for participants throughout the decision-making process to assess physiological linkage—the degree to which a “sender’s” physiological response predicts a “receiver’s” physiological response at a subsequent time interval. On average, high-status women were successful at persuasion. The physiological responses of successful high-status women were also predicted by the responses of their female groupmates: stronger linkage to female group members during the task was associated with success at persuading the group. Successful high-status women were also perceived as more persuasive than others in the group. This work shows that the link between status and successful persuasion generalizes to women among heterogeneous international teams. It also suggests that attention to others—often associated with physiological linkage—may be useful in persuading others during decision-making.

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“…However, we know of no prior research on father–preschooler RSA synchrony. Some work shows physiological synchrony between fathers and older children but that there are differences in direction between mothers and fathers: in a stress contagion paradigm, mothers shaped child physiology, whereas children shaped father physiology (Waters et al., 2020). Other studies show no evidence of father–child RSA synchrony in older children (Li et al., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in mother–child and father–child RSA synchrony: Moderation by child self‐regulation and dyadic affect

Lunkenheimer

Brown

Fuchs

2021

Developmental Psychobiology

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Parents and preschoolers show respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) synchrony, but it is unclear how child self‐regulation and the dyadic affective climate shape RSA synchrony and how synchrony differs for mothers and fathers. We examined child average RSA, externalizing problems, and dyadic positive affect as moderators of the synchrony of dynamic, within‐epoch child and parent RSA reactivity during a challenging task. Mothers (N = 82) and fathers (N = 60) oversampled for familial risk participated with their 3‐year‐olds. For mothers, when children showed either higher externalizing or lower average RSA, negative RSA synchrony was observed as dynamic coupling of maternal RSA augmentation and child RSA withdrawal, suggesting inadequate support of the child during challenge. However, when children showed both higher externalizing and lower average RSA, indicating greater regulatory difficulties overall, positive synchrony was observed as joint RSA withdrawal. The same patterns were found for father–child RSA synchrony but instead with respect to the moderators of higher externalizing and lower dyadic positive affect. Findings suggest moderators of RSA synchrony differ by parent and shared positive affect plays a robust role in fathers’ RSA reactivity and synchrony. Mothers may be more attuned to children's regulatory capacities, whereas fathers may be more influenced by the immediate behavioral context.

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Keep it to yourself? Parent emotion suppression influences physiological linkage and interaction behavior.

Cited by 40 publications

References 51 publications

Housing environment and early childhood development in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis

Housing environment and early childhood development in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis

Physiological linkage among successful high-status women in international teams

Differences in mother–child and father–child RSA synchrony: Moderation by child self‐regulation and dyadic affect

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