Karyotype variation and biochemical analysis of five Vicia species

Abstract

Background Fabaceae is considered as the third largest family, which includes more than 727 genera and 20,000 species. The genus Vicia has from 180 to 210 species. Vicia species have a great economical and agricultural importance. Karyotype study of chromosomes and SDS-PAGE for seed storage proteins (soluble and non-soluble proteins) were carried out on five Vicia species (Vicia macrocarpa, Vicia sativa, Vicia narbonensis, Vicia ervilia) collected from IPK, Germany, and Vicia faba from Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt, to find out the phylogenetic relationships among these species. Result From karyotype of studied Vicia species chromosomes, it was found that V. macrocarpa, V. sativa, and V. faba had six pairs of chromosome (2n = 12) while V. narbonensis and V. ervilia had seven pairs of chromosome (2n = 14). The most related species was found between V. ervilia and V. narbonensis (77.8%) depending on seed soluble protein similarity level, but between V. narbonensis and V. macrocarpa was 70.0% depending on seed non-soluble protein similarity level, while between V. ervilia and V. narbonensis, the most related species was 69.0% depending on collective data of both soluble and non-soluble seed storage protein. Conclusion The phylogenetic relationships between the studied species depending on collective data of protein markers and karyotype characteristic were as follows: V. ervilia is closely related to V. narbonensis, while V. narbonensis is related to V. macrocarpa and V. ervilia, but the degree of relation between V. narbonensis and V. macrocarpa is less than the relation between V. narbonensis and V. ervilia. Equally, while V. sativa is closely related to V. macrocarpa, but V. faba is distant from all other studied species.

Karyological analyses in several Algerian populations of six species of the genus Vicia L. (Fabaceae)

“…macrocapa is 2n=12 for all Algerians populations. These results were in agreement with those of Raina and Rees (1983), Meriç and Dane (1999), Bisht et al (1998), Raina et al (2001), Basbag et al (2013, Osman et al (2020), Kartal et al (2020) and Benlioglu (2021). However, Karyotype formula and quantitative analysis are variable among the populations, considered in the present study.…”

“…macrocarpa (population n° 55/14). This type of chromosome is also indicated by El Bok et al ( 2014), Osman et al (2020) with 3m+2sm+1 st and Benlioghlu (2021) with 4sm+2st and 3 m +3sm.…”

“…The number (2n=12) has been reported by several authors in different ecotypes of V. sativa subsp. sativa (Meriç and Dane 1999;Navratilova et al 2003;Gaffazardeh-Namazi et al 2008;El-Bok et al 2015;Martin et al 2018;Osman et al 2020). Ladizinsky and Shefer (1982) revealed that 2n=10 cytotypes were found in secondary and artificial habitats while 2n=12 cytotypes were found in natural vegetation among dwarf shrubs or in the maquis.…”

Karyology Study of Six Cytotypes of Vicia L. in Tehran Province, Iran

“…The basic chromosome numbers reported in Vicia are x=5, 6 and 7. Most of the species studied are diploids with 2n=2x= 10, 12, 14; however a number of tetra-and hexaploids were also reported" [7][8][9][10]. The speciation in this genus is accompanying by variation in chromosome size and hybridization is common in the genus [11].…”

A reference assembly for the legume cover crop, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa)

“…Differences in chromosome number between species of the Vicia genus have been identified, making it an interesting model for studies of the plant genome [2,9,10]. Generation of reference genomes for species within the Vicia genus can be used to better understand the phylogeny and karyotype evolution of different species within the genus.…”