Karachi, Pakistan

Ahmed, Maaheen

doi:10.4135/9781452218526.n179

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…According to Figure 1, the highest yield of mass rearing was obtained at the smaller amount of agar (level 1, 14 g), which is in agreement with the results of other studies on artificial diet showing its economical usefulness for mass rearing (Shorey and Hall 1965; Ahmed 1983; Abbasi et al 2007). In our study other factors had no significant effects on optimization of production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Modified Artificial Diet for Rearing of Tobacco Budworm,Helicoverpa armigera, using the Taguchi Method and Derringer's Desirability Function

Assemi

Rezapanah

Shoushtari

et al. 2012

Journal of Insect Science

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With the aim to improve the mass rearing feasibility of tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), design of experimental methodology using Taguchi orthogonal array was applied. To do so, the effect of 16 ingredients of an artificial diet including bean, wheat germ powder, Nipagin, ascorbic acid, formaldehyde, oil, agar, distilled water, ascorbate, yeast, chloramphenicol, benomyl, penicillin, temperature, humidity, and container size on some biological characteristics of H. armigera was evaluated. The selected 16 factors were considered at two levels (32 experiments) in the experimental design. Among the selected factors, penicillin, container size, formaldehyde, chloramphenicol, wheat germ powder, and agar showed significant effect on the mass rearing performance. Derringer's desirability function was used for simultaneous optimization of mass rearing of tobacco budworm, H. armigera, on a modified artificial diet. Derived optimum operating conditions obtained by Derringer's desirability function and Taguchi methodology decreased larval period from 19 to 15.5 days (18.42 % improvement), decreased the pupal period from 12.29 to 11 days (10.49 % improvement), increased the longevity of adults from 14.51 to 21 days (44.72 % improvement), increased the number of eggs/female from 211.21 to 260, and increased egg hatchability from 54.2% to 72% (32.84 % improvement). The proposed method facilitated a systematic mathematical approach with a few well-defined experimental sets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Rearing insects on artificial diets is an expensive process, and is difficult for developing countries where sufficient research funds are unavailable. As a result, the economic threats imposed by insect pests on agriculture will be poorly studied (Ahmed 1983). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Artificial Diet for Rearing of Tobacco Budworm,Helicoverpa armigera, using the Taguchi Method and Derringer's Desirability Function

Assemi

Rezapanah

Shoushtari

et al. 2012

Journal of Insect Science

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show abstract

“…These peaks can be new compounds with potential activities which have to be screened further. Thus, from these findings, it can be suggested that apart from saponins in the nonpolar extracts [ 19 ], compounds like 1,7-dimethyl-4,10-dioxa-1,7-diazacyclododecane, (+)-N-methylephedrine, and permethylspermine in the ethanol extract of C. australe leaf can also be responsible for the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects which may be mediated by their synergistic action.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an attempt to evaluate the pharmacological activities, Ahmed isolated saponins from leaf of C. australe and reported their analgesic activity [ 19 ]. In search for new bioactive carbohydrate-like compounds, Jones et al reported the isolation of the novel alkaloid, 1-epialexine, from the leaves and stems of C. australe [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and GC-MS Studies onCastanospermum australeA. Cunn. & C. FraserexHook.

Sajeesh

Thangaraj

2014

The Scientific World Journal

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The present study was aimed to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Castanospermum australe and to profile phytochemicals by GC-MS. The ethanolic extracts were prepared by successive solvent extraction using Soxhlet apparatus. The analgesic activity was analyzed by hot plate method and acetic acid-induced writhing test whereas anti-inflammatory study was done by carrageenan induced paw oedema model. The acute toxicity study revealed that ethanol extracts of leaf and bark of C. australe were safe even at a higher dose of 2000 mg/kg whereas ethanol extract of seed was toxic at the same dose. In both hot plate method (5.85 s) and acetic acid-induced writhing test (57%), the leaf ethanol extract exhibited significant analgesic activity (P < 0.001) at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract was exhibited by the reduction in paw linear diameter by 64.76% at 400 mg/kg in carrageenan induced paw oedema. The GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extract of leaf revealed sixteen major compounds of which 1,7-dimethyl-4,10-dioxa-1,7-diazacyclododecane, (+)-N-methylephedrine, and permethylspermine were found to be pharmaceutically and the most important. These findings justify that C. australe can be a valuable natural analgesic and anti-inflammatory source which seemed to provide potential phytotherapeutics against various ailments.

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Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 2 publications

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Modified Artificial Diet for Rearing of Tobacco Budworm,Helicoverpa armigera, using the Taguchi Method and Derringer's Desirability Function

Modified Artificial Diet for Rearing of Tobacco Budworm,Helicoverpa armigera, using the Taguchi Method and Derringer's Desirability Function

Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and GC-MS Studies onCastanospermum australeA. Cunn. & C. FraserexHook.

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