Kara-Bom: new investigations of a Palaeolithic site in the Gorny Altai, Russia

Белоусова, Н. Е.; Rybin, Evgeny P.; Fedorchenko, A.Yu.; Anoykin, Anton

doi:10.15184/aqy.2018.4

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although fire may not have been used extensively within the sampled areas of the cave, the lack of an obvious pyrotechnology need not preclude the use of a site by hominins, even during glacial periods 25 . Elsewhere in the Altai, the site of Kara-Bom contains well-preserved hearths in the Initial Upper Palaeolithic deposits 26 , but no clear evidence of fire-use has been found in the region beyond about 50–40 ka 27 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hominin and animal activities in the microstratigraphic record from Denisova Cave (Altai Mountains, Russia)

Morley

Goldberg

Uliyanov

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Denisova Cave in southern Siberia uniquely contains evidence of occupation by a recently discovered group of archaic hominins, the Denisovans, starting from the middle of the Middle Pleistocene. Artefacts, ancient DNA and a range of animal and plant remains have been recovered from the sedimentary deposits, along with a few fragmentary fossils of Denisovans, Neanderthals and a first-generation Neanderthal–Denisovan offspring. The deposits also contain microscopic traces of hominin and animal activities that can provide insights into the use of the cave over the last 300,000 years. Here we report the results of a micromorphological study of intact sediment blocks collected from the Pleistocene deposits in the Main and East Chambers of Denisova Cave. The presence of charcoal attests to the use of fire by hominins, but other evidence of their activities preserved in the microstratigraphic record are few. The ubiquitous occurrence of coprolites, which we attribute primarily to hyenas, indicates that the site was visited for much of its depositional history by cave-dwelling carnivores. Microscopic traces of post-depositional diagenesis, bioturbation and incipient cryoturbation are observed in only a few regions of the deposit examined here. Micromorphology can help identify areas of sedimentary deposit that are most conducive to ancient DNA preservation and could be usefully integrated with DNA analyses of sediments at archaeological sites to illuminate features of their human and environmental history that are invisible to the naked eye.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hominin and animal activities in the microstratigraphic record from Denisova Cave (Altai Mountains, Russia)

Morley

Goldberg

Uliyanov

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…By following Selenga River southward, they could have crossed the Eastern Sayan and the Yablonoi Mountains toward the steppes of Mongolia and the Gobi Desert, reaching the Yellow River following a string of ephemeral lakes. The most reliable age estimates for the IUP are between 47-45 ka cal BP in the Altai (Belousova et al 2018;Derevianko et al 1993;Goebel et al 1993), 45 ka cal BP in the Baikal (Goebel and Aksenov 1995;Higham and Lbova 2018;Lbova 2011) and in Mongolia ) and closer to the 42-40 ka cal BP when moving southeast (Li et al 2013). In Tolbor-16, it occurs in layers for which sedimentological data identify a climatic event tentatively correlated with the Greenland Interstadial (GI) 12 ).…”

Section: Implications For the Peopling Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Initial Upper Paleolithic in Central and East Asia: Blade Technology, Cultural Transmission, and Implications for Human Dispersals

Zwyns

2021

J Paleo Arch

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Archaeological assemblages labeled as Initial Upper Paleolithic are often seen as possible evidence for dispersals of Homo sapiens populations in Eurasia, ca. 45,000 years ago. While most authors agree that the IUP can be recognized by a set of shared features, there is far less consensus on what these features are, and what they mean. Because of methodological challenges inherent to long distance comparisons, documenting and establishing a firm connection between archaeological assemblages remain difficult and often draw legitimate skepticism. There could be many reasons why Paleolithic hunter-gatherers used comparable technologies, but it usually comes down to two kinds of processes: cultural transmission or convergence. In other words, technological similarities may illustrate a cultural link between regions or may be caused by mechanisms of independent reinvention between more distantly related populations. Here, I focus on three assemblages from the Siberian Altai, Zabaikal region, and North Mongolia to address one main question: is there such thing as a united IUP in Central and East Asia, or are we looking at unrelated yet comparable adaptive processes? First, I describe the common structure of lithic blade production at the sites, with special attention to derived features relative to the regional sequence. After comparing the complexity of the production system with those of other lithic technologies, I suggest that this coherent, intricate, yet unprecedented technological pattern found across contiguous regions in Asia is better explained by transmission processes than by multiple unrelated reinventions, or local developments. The blade production system described in Siberia and Mongolia reoccur as a package, which is consistent with indirect bias and/or conformist cultural transmission processes. Overall, the results point toward close contact between individuals and hunter gatherer populations, and supports the recognition of a broad cultural unit to encapsulate Asian IUP assemblages. Considering other lines of evidence, the geographical and chronological distribution of Asian IUP lithic technology is consistent with a dispersal of Homo sapiens populations in Central and East Asia during the Marine Isotopic Stage 3, although the geographical origin of such movement is less clear.

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“…Термин НВП был введен в 1-й половине ХХ в. для обозначения индустрий Северного, а затем и Южного Леванта, обладающих переходным характером от среднего к верхнему палеолиту Khun, Zwyns, 2014]. С течением времени география применения термина значительно расширилась на восток; верхнепалеолитические комплексы Центральной Азии, Алтая, Северного Китая также стали относиться к НВП [Rybin, 2014;Keates, Kuzmin, 2015;Belousova et al, 2018;Zwyns, Lbova, 2019]. В то же время в литературе возникла ситуация двоякого применения термина: и как хронологического, и как технологического показателя.…”

Section: обсуждение и заключениеunclassified

Palaeolithic Complexes of the Podzvonkaya Site in the South of Western Transbaikal: Comparative Characteristic

Tashak¹,

Yu.²

2019

tpai

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В местности Подзвонкая на юге Западного Забайкалья сосредоточено четыре археологических местонахождения раннего этапа верхнего палеолита. Ансамбль из четырех местонахождений представляет собой один из крупнейших археологических объектов на северо-востоке Центральной Азии, относимых к началу верхнего палеолита. Изучение палеолита в этой местности начато в 1991 г. Как правило, в опубликованных статьях рассматривались результаты исследований на отдельных местонахождениях-комплексах. В настоящей статье дается обобщающая характеристика трех палеолитических комплексов Подзвонкой: Восточного, Юго-Восточного, Нижнего. Каждое местонахождение рассмотрено с различных позиций: стратиграфия, хронология, палеоэкология, палеоиндустрия, материальные остатки духовной культуры. На основе естественно-научных данных предложена реконструкция одного из направлений адаптации человека начала верхнего палеолита к изменениям природно-климатических условий: в начале верхнего палеолита человек начал селиться в местности Подзвонкая после сокращения и исчезновения лесов. Анализ артефактов позволяет относить каменную индустрию всех комплексов к начальному этапу верхнего палеолита и проследить последовательность развития материальной культуры от Нижнего комплекса к Восточному. Представительная коллекция предметов неутилитарного назначения указывает на общность в развитии духовной культуры. Ключевые слова: Западное Забайкалье, начальный верхний палеолит, палеосреда, стратиграфия, хронология, каменная индустрия.

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Kara-Bom: new investigations of a Palaeolithic site in the Gorny Altai, Russia

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Hominin and animal activities in the microstratigraphic record from Denisova Cave (Altai Mountains, Russia)

Hominin and animal activities in the microstratigraphic record from Denisova Cave (Altai Mountains, Russia)

The Initial Upper Paleolithic in Central and East Asia: Blade Technology, Cultural Transmission, and Implications for Human Dispersals

Palaeolithic Complexes of the Podzvonkaya Site in the South of Western Transbaikal: Comparative Characteristic

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