Kangaroo care improves post‐extubation cardiorespiratory parameters in infants after open heart surgery

Abstract

We conclude that kangaroo care might be a useful technique contributing to stabilization of the cardiorespiratory status in postoperative paediatric cardiac intensive care.

Implications of Kangaroo Care for Growth and Development in Preterm Infants

“…Decreases in heart rate may be associated with less stress, calming/soothing experiences, quiet sleep, or mean heart rates that include bradycardias. In a time series randomized controlled design, Gazzolo, Masetti, and Meli (2000) found that mean heart rate was lower in postoperative cardiac term infants during KC provided after extubation. This suggests that KC decreased postoperative stress and discomfort.…”

“…Bauer et al, 1996;Bosque et al, 1995;Fischer et al, 1998;Ludington et al, 1999;Ludington-Hoe et al, 1991;Messmer et al, 1997;Mooncey et al, 1997). Four studies reported statistically significant increases in SaO 2 , but the differences were within 1% to 2% and greater than 90% (Bier et al, 1996;Fohe et al, 2000;Gazzolo et al, 2000;Legault & Goulet, 1995). Two authors reported a decrease in oxygenation with KC, but again the differences were clinically insignificant (Bohnhorst et al, 2001;Ludington-Hoe et al, 1994).…”

“…These increases could be attributable to increases in temperature and activity or with increased respiratory compromise associated with stress. Two studies reported a decrease in respiratory rate within normal limits, suggesting that KC induced soothing or sleep (Fohe et al, 2000;Gazzolo et al, 2000). Gazzalo et al (2000) reported lower mean respiratory rates (43 vs. 51 breaths per minute) for postoperative newborns during KC than those not receiving KC, suggesting that KC reduced postoperative discomfort.…”

“…These safety issues suggest that KC should not create untoward effects on autonomic stability and regulation. In addition, the research suggests that KC enhances autonomic regulation, especially in the face of stress (Gazzolo et al, 2000;Gray et al, 2000;Ludington-Hoe & Swinth, 1996). Most KC studies examined one episode of KC for cardiorespiratory and temperature changes.…”

Meta‐analysis of physiological effects of skin‐to‐skin contact for newborns and mothers

“…7, The reasons for exclusion included (i) not giving SD in eight articles; 40,45,52,54,55,57,59,60 (ii) point estimates were provided by median and/or range in five articles; [42][43][44]49,56 (iii) data shown only in a graphical manner in two articles; 41,53 (iv) only single measurement provided in two articles; 47,51 (v) only proportion of babies with hypothermia presented in one article; 46 (vi) only heart rate variability presented in one article; 48 (vii) heart rate measured but not presented in one article; 50 (viii) outcome reported as stability of cardiorespiratory system in preterm infants (SCRIP) score in one article; 58 (ix) case report format of one baby and skin-to-skin care provided with mechanical ventilation; 7 and (x) case report format of five babies with congenital heart diseases requiring open heart surgery. 61 Among the included 23 studies, 13 studies used case-series (before-after studies), [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][28][29][30]34,35,38 five studies were randomized controlled trials and only data from the arm in which babies had skin-to-skin care were extracted, 11,17,18,32,…”