Kandungan Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total Daun Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg sebagai Kandidat Obat Antidiabetes

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the non communicable diseases (NCDs) with the largest number of deaths in the world. The Macaranga hispida (Blume) Mull. Arg is a source of phenolic compounds. Phenolic is grouped as polyphenols group that widely functioned as antidiabetic. The α-glucosidase enzyme plays a role in the forming of glycoproteins and glycolipids. The α-glucosidase enzyme can be used for antidiabetic activity assay because of its capability on breaking down carbohydrate into glucose in the human small intestine. This study aimed to determine phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antidiabetic activity of M. hispida leaves extract and its fraction. The extract and fraction were tested for the phenolic levels using Folin-Ciocalteau method, the total flavonoid using alumunium chloride method, and the antidiabetic activity using α-glukosidase method. The yield of methanolic extract of the Macaranga hispida was 10.23%. Phenolic content of the ethyl acetate fraction from the methanolic extract was 8.411 mg, equivalent to gallic acid/100 mg extract. Total flavonoid content was 6.14 ± 0.31b/b μg/mL. Antidiabetic activity assay of the extract and the fractions of Macaranga hispida resulted the highest antidiabetic activity (IC50) was in the ethyl acetate fraction with IC50 value 21.91 μg / mL.

In vivo Evaluation of Extracted and Fraction of Moringa oleifera leaves against Testosterone-Induced PCOS Model in Rattus Norvegicus

“…P85α plays an important role and is a crucial component in insulin signaling transduction; therefore, decreased expression of p85α can cause decreased PI3K activity, which in turn inhibits most insulin metabolic functions (Figure 2 The administration of samples for 14 days showed a decrease due to the positive presence of flavonoids (quercetin) in the ethyl acetate fraction sample. In the extract and water fraction, there were positive compounds of tannins (phenolics) with antidiabetic effects similar to flavonoid compounds, namely insulinlike effects or insulin secretion stimulation, and the possibility of modulating carbohydrate metabolism enzyme function (Megawati et al, 2021). One flavonoid compound with antidiabetic properties, and high glucose levels in insulin-resistant PCOS rats can maintain glucose homeostasis.…”

PENGARUH KONSUMSI MINUMAN SEGAR BUAH Etlingera hemisphaerica (MSBE) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PEKERJA TAMBANG EMAS

“…Hasil analisis fotokimia terhadap MSBE menunjukkan bahwa MSBE mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannin, sucrosa dan fenol. Flavonoid, saponin, tannin adalah senyawa yang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa dalam darah (Megawati et al, 2021). Menurut BPOM RI (2013) Kandungan sukrosa menunjukan batasan yang masih aman untuk dikonsumsi yaitu 5-10 mg sehingga tidak mempengaruhi kadar glukosa dalam darah.…”

“…Salah satu senyawa flavon adalah kuersetin. Kuersetin memiliki kerja dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah yakni menjaga sel β pankreas tetap bekerja secara normal (Megawati et al, 2021). Hal ini juga didukung oleh penelitian terdahulu, yang menyatakan bahwa ekstrak daun E. hemisphaerica berpotensi menurunkan kadar gula darah sebesar 36,2% dan kadar trigliserida sebesar 21,19% pada mencit yang mengalami hiperglikemia dan hipertrigliserida.…”

Potential Antioxidant Activity Methods DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, Total Phenol and Total Flavonoid Levels of Macaranga hypoleuca (Reichb. f. & Zoll.) Leaves Extract and Fractions

“…Indonesia possesses an abundance of natural resources that contain active antioxidant compounds with various chemical structures. Plants, in particular, are a rich source of secondary metabolite compounds, including phenolic compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids, which possess important antioxidant properties [11]. Flavonoids, a derivative of phenolic compounds, have the capability to prevent and treat degenerative diseases and cancer by warding off free radicals and inhibiting lipid oxidation [12].…”