KAJIAN NUMERIK FENOMENA UNDULAR TIDAL BORES DALAM MEMPENGARUHI PROSES EROSI PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (Numerical study of undular tidal bores phenomenon in influencing erosion processes of watersheds)

Abstract

Riverbank erosion is one indication of watershed damage. One of the causes is the phenomenon of tidal bores waves that occur in a river channel.The strength of tidal bores wave's can be measured based on its shear force parameter and dissipation energy. Wave shear force and dissipation energy are the parameters that play a role in a riverbank erosion process. Both of them are characterized by the Froude number (Fr) which is a function of the upstream river flow velocity (V0), the tidal bores flow velocity from the estuary (Vb), the river depth (h1), and the gravity acceleration (g). A numerical study of the phenomenon of undular tidal bores has been carried out in this article. Five undular bores simulations have been built using the open-source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software, OpenFOAM. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Froude number variations (Fr) on the magnitude of the wave shear coefficient (ϵ) and dissipation energy ( ) on undular bores cases. Five simulations of undular bores have been generated based on five Froude's numbers, Fr = 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4. The validation has been performed by comparing the experimental and numerical results from the scientific literature. The analysis results show that the increase in Fr has a significant effect on the increase in the ϵ and .These results indicate that the Froude number variations have influenced the wave shear coefficient and dissipation energy on the undular bores cases. Increasing the Fr values have triggered an increase in the value of ϵ linearly and exponentially. Thus, the erosion that occurs on the riverbank in the undular tidal bores phenomenon could be determined based on Froude's number.