K12-B: A Test Site for CO2 Storage and Enhanced Gas Recovery

Abstract

TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractAs part of the Dutch Climate Policy on the implementation of the Kyoto protocol, the Netherlands government is currently investigating to what extent CO 2 sequestration in the deep subsurface could help reduce CO 2 emissions. On 7 February 2002 the Dutch Minister of Economic Affairs introduced a new policy to promote feasibility studies into CO 2 storage in the subsurface (The CRUST program).Gaz de France Production Netherlands B.V. (GPN) is currently producing natural gas from the Dutch North Sea continental shelf. As one of the players in the Dutch gas supply market, GPN supports the idea of injecting CO 2 into depleted gas fields in order to reduce CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere.The gas produced at one of GPN's platforms, the K12-B platform, contains a relatively high proportion of CO 2 . This CO 2 is at present separated from the produced natural gas and released into the atmosphere. Preliminary assessment shows that it may be relatively easy to re-inject this CO 2 into the Rotliegend gas reservoir. The reservoir is located at a depth of some 3800 meters; with a hydrostatic pressure regime and a formation temperature of 132 °C. Hence GPN's K12-B platform offers a good opportunity to study the technical conditions of CO 2 injection at greater depths including the behavior of the gas reservoir itself. Developing the CO 2injection demonstration facility at the K12-B platform will increase our understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of this technique. This paper reports on the results of the phase 1 and 2 studies of the ORC project -Offshore Re-injection of CO 2 . Phase 1 included a desk feasibility study into the possibility of underground CO 2 injection at the K12-B platform. Phase 2 comprises of actual demonstration of the concept of underground storage. Some results of the early CO 2 injection tests ar1 reported.

CO2SINK—From site characterisation and risk assessment to monitoring and verification: One year of operational experience with the field laboratory for CO2 storage at Ketzin, Germany

“…As part of the Norwegian Sleipner project, off-shore storage of CO 2 in a saline aquifer with high permeability is tested at an industrial scale and primarily monitored by 4D seismic and gravity measurements (Arts et al, 2004a, b andChadwick et al, 2007). The use of enhanced oil and gas recovery as a storage technology for CO 2 is currently being tested at the Weyburn (Chadwick et al, 2006(Chadwick et al, , 2009 and K12B (van der Meer et al, 2006) field sites. Improving monitoring and verification, and the efficiency of storage operations in saline aquifers is the focus of the onshore projects in USA (Frio), Australia (Otway), Japan (Nagaoka), and Algeria (In Salah) and Germany (Ketzin) (Michael et al, 2010).…”

A Review ofCO2Sequestration Projects and Application in China

“…CO 2 geosequestration has been implemented successfully around the world like CO 2 -EOR and storage in Weyburn project of Canada in 2000 [ 29 , 30 ]; CO 2 storage in K12-B gas field of The Netherlands in 2004 [ 31 ]; the upcoming ROAD project in 2015 with CO 2 storage in P18-4 depleted gas field of The Netherlands [ 32 ]; associated CO 2 separation and injection into the saline aquifer in Sleipner project of Norway in 1996 [ 33 ]; CO 2 storage in In Salah aquifer of Algeria in 2004 and Snohvit aquifer of Norway in 2008 [ 34 , 35 ]; CO 2 -enhanced coal bed methane (CO 2 -ECBM) and storage in San Juan Basin of New Mexico in 1995 [ 36 ], and other CO 2 -ECBM projects in USA [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Some geomechanical aspects of geological CO2 sequestration

“…The Sleipner project of CO 2 injection in saline aquifer at the Sleipner field offshore in Norway (since 1996), is probably the best known (Chadwick et al, 2006). There are other smallerscale field tests such as the CO 2 injection (since 2004) into the depleted K12-B gas field, located in the Dutch sector of the North Sea, approximately 150 km northwest of Amsterdam (van der Meer et al, 2005). Another ongoing field test is related to CO 2 storage in underground coal seams with simultaneous (enhanced) production of coalbed methane (CO 2 injection in the upper Silesian basin of Poland since 2004, van Bergen et al, 2006.…”