K-State Resonators for High-Coding-Capacity Chipless RFID Applications

Abdulkawi, Wazie M.; Sheta, Abdel Fattah

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2961565

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…According to Figure 4 , an eligible coding capacity of 60 bits can be then obtained, leading to theoretical spatial coding density of about 300 bits/cm 2 . Such a performance is several orders of magnitude better than coding density obtained with a chipless RFID system [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], mainly since THz wavelengths are a hundred times smaller than in the RF .…”

Section: Principle and Theory Of Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chipless RFID is mainly based on resonator technology and the tag’s performance of course depends on the resonators design, number, the selected frequency range, and on the coding technique. Moreover, in the RF domain mainly, the design of chipless structures, and more generally the research for efficient performance, remains a hot topic subject with very rapid development [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The best performances published in the last two years reach about 30 bits but remains for the majority around 20 bits, corresponding to spatial density in the range of 1 bit/cm 2 , very exceptionally around 10 bits/cm 2 or higher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Video-Rate Identification of High-Capacity Low-Cost Tags in the Terahertz Domain

Bonnefoy

Bernier

Perret

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In this article, we report on video-rate identification of very low-cost tags in the terahertz (THz) domain. Contrary to barcodes, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, or even chipless RFID tags, operate in the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB). These THz labels are not based on a planar surface pattern but are instead embedded, thus hidden, in the volume of the product to identify. The tag is entirely made of dielectric materials and is based on a 1D photonic bandgap structure, made of a quasi-periodic stack of two different polyethylene-based materials presenting different refractive indices. The thickness of each layer is of the order of the THz wavelength, leading to an overall tag thickness in the millimetre range. More particularly, we show in this article that the binary information coded within these tags can be rapidly and reliably identified using a commercial terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system as a reader. More precisely, a bit error rate smaller than 1% is experimentally reached for a reading duration as short as a few tens of milliseconds on an 8 bits (~40 bits/cm2) THID tag. The performance limits of such a tag structure are explored in terms of both dielectric material properties (losses) and angular acceptance. Finally, realistic coding capacities of about 60 bits (~300 bits/cm2) can be envisaged with such tags.

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Section: Principle and Theory Of Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Video-Rate Identification of High-Capacity Low-Cost Tags in the Terahertz Domain

Bonnefoy

Bernier

Perret

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to chip-based, the high bit density of chipless enables more information in the tag by lowering the cost. High coding capacity chipless RFID[72]-[74] and spatial chipless RFID[75]-[77] are new steps in the growth of chipless RFID, increasing the coding capacity of the tag without increasing the cost of the system.The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) estimated that more than 50 billion objects would be networked by 2021, of which many will use chipless RFID. The supply chain across the pharmaceutical, manufacturing, and other logistics industries markets can be uplifted using IoT and Chipless technology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Seamless Integration and Co-Existence of Chipless RFID in Broad IoT Framework

Sharma

Hashmi

2021

IEEE Access

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“…Multiple stopband spiral resonators were placed between antennas in order to encode the 23-bit data information in the frequency range of 5 GHz to 10.7 GHz [8]. In [9], the chipless RFID tag consisting of multiple resonators and two crosspolarized ultra-wide band antennas was proposed. The resonance frequency of the proposed tag can be adjusted by an isolated leg of the U-shaped microstrip-based resonators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Chipless RFID Detection Using Complex Natural Frequency Along With the k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm

2021

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This paper proposes a detection technique for the chipless RFID system. In the proposed technique, the experiments for measuring the scattering responses of all possible tags were conducted first in a free-space anechoic chamber in order to avoid the effect of unwanted signals due to the environment. The responses of all possible tags were exploited in order to extract poles, including natural frequencies and damping factors, by using the short-time matrix pencil method. All extracted poles successively chosen from the late-time portions were exploited to create the decision boundary by using the k-nearest neighbor algorithm. In order to validate the robustness of the proposed detection technique, experiments with the chipless RFID system with tags attached to containers, i.e. parcel and plastic boxes, were conducted. Poles extracted from the response of the tag attached to a container were fed to the decision boundary for ID detection. The poles that had fallen into the region labeled as logic "1" were detected as logic "1," and vice versa. The experiment results showed that the attachment of the tags to the containers caused a change in the poles. The conventional technique using only natural frequencies has exhibited poor performance regarding tag ID detection. On the other hand, the proposed detection technique achieved a 100% detection rate, although the extracted poles used to detect the bit logic were disturbed by the container. The experimental results confirm the superiority of the proposed system over conventional chipless RFID detection. Moreover, the proposed technique can be considered a robust detection technique.

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K-State Resonators for High-Coding-Capacity Chipless RFID Applications

Cited by 26 publications

References 53 publications

Video-Rate Identification of High-Capacity Low-Cost Tags in the Terahertz Domain

Video-Rate Identification of High-Capacity Low-Cost Tags in the Terahertz Domain

On the Seamless Integration and Co-Existence of Chipless RFID in Broad IoT Framework

Robust Chipless RFID Detection Using Complex Natural Frequency Along With the k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm

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