Juvenile cellulitis in an 8‐month‐old dog

Abstract

An 8-month-old, crossbred dog, presented with a painful, swollen face. The problem was of 4 weeks duration and had not responded to antibiotics. A diagnosis of canine juvenile cellulitis was based on the clinical presentation and supportive cytological and histopathological changes. Attempts to identify canine distemper virus were not successful. Complete resolution occurred with glucocorticoid therapy. This is the first report of canine juvenile cellulitis in a dog of this age.

Pemphigus foliaceus‐like drug reaction in a 3‐month‐old crossbreed dog treated for juvenile cellulitis

“…The finding of numerous cocci upon cytology, the isolation of a Staphylococcus intermedius on culture together with the presence of numerous areas of ulceration mandated the continuation of antibacterial therapy, and this was changed to 22 mg kg -1 cefalexin (Cefazid®, Schoeller Chemie; Vienna, Austria) orally twice daily for almost 5 weeks (day 8-39). On the same day topical treatment for the otitis externa was initiated with an ear cleaner (Epi-Otic®, Virbac Oesterreich GmbH; Vienna, Austria) and ear drops containing gentamicin, betamethasone and clotrimazole (Otomax®, Essex Tierarznei; Munich, Germany) were applied twice daily for 2 weeks (day [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…7 Canine juvenile cellulitis (CJC, also termed juvenile pyoderma, puppy strangles) is an uncommon disease that affects mainly young dogs aged 1-4 months [8][9][10][11] and has occasionally been reported in older dogs. [12][13][14] It should be considered as a differential diagnosis in puppies younger than 4 months that present with lymphadenopathy, oedema, papules, pustules or crusts affecting the head and ears. 10 Additional findings commonly include purulent otitis externa, fever, lethargy, anorexia, and sometimes a more generalized lymphadenopathy, swollen feet and arthritis.…”

“…10 Additional findings commonly include purulent otitis externa, fever, lethargy, anorexia, and sometimes a more generalized lymphadenopathy, swollen feet and arthritis. [9][10][11]13,14 This report documents the case of a 3-month-old crossbreed dog that presented with CJC 2 weeks after routine vaccination and subsequently developed PFDR following the administration of systemic antibacterial, antibacterial ophthalmic ointment and nonsteroidal drugs.…”

Characterisation and outcome of idiopathic pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis in 64 English springer spaniel dogs

“…This type of inflammatory response is often triggered by stimuli such as infectious agents or foreign material (Zumla & James 1996, Greene 2012. Although infectious diseases are strong differentials for pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis, many cases of sterile pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis have been described in young and adult dogs, often associated with cutaneous lesions sharing similar histological or cytological features (Reimann et al 1989, White et al 1989, Jeffers et al 1995, Neuber et al 2004, Bassett et al 2005, Scott & Miller 2007, O'Kell et al 2010, Dandrieux et al 2011, McPartland et al 2016, Fraga-Manteiga et al 2016, Martens 2016. Mineral-associated lymphadenopathy has also been described as an uncommon cause of sterile pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis in which deposition of complex mineral crystals in the peripheral lymph nodes initiates an intense granulomatous inflammation and lymphadenopathy (Day 1996).…”

“…Several related clinical entities have been described, including "canine juvenile cellulitis," "canine sterile nodular panniculitis" and "sterile idiopathic neutrophilic-macrophagic lymphadenitis." Canine juvenile cellulitis is characterised by cutaneous and/or subcutaneous pyogranulomatous lesions with systemic involvement and pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis (Reimann et al 1989, White et al 1989, Bassett et al 2005, Scott & Miller 2007, Dandrieux et al 2011, Fraga-Manteiga et al 2016, Martens 2016. The onset of the disease can occur from a very early age, the youngest case reported being 4 weeks old (Scott & Miller 2007), although similar cases have been reported in adult dogs (Jeffers et al 1995, Neuber et al 2004, Scott & Miller 2007,O'Kell et al 2010, McPartland et al 2016, and the terms "canine sterile nodular panniculitis" or "sterile idiopathic neutrophilic-macrophagic lymphadenitis" have been used to describe these conditions and their presumed non-infectious aetiology (O'Kell et al 2010, McPartland et al 2016.…”