Juice Vesicle Populations in Citrus Fruit

Abstract

The total number of vesicles within the fruits of several species of the Aurantioideae (Rutaceae) was determined. Two distinct vesicle shape types are recognized: superior and inferior. There was a significant correlation with the number of juice vesicles per fruit and the number of segments found within the fruit. Citrus species (e.g., grapefruit and pummelo) containing fruit composed of many segments (e.g., 10-14 and 20, respectively) correspondingly contained more vesicles per segment than those citrus species (e.g., kumquat and mandarin) containing fruit with few segments (4 and 7-10, respectively). Significant correlations were found between vesicle number and segment area or segment weight. Large segments weighed more and contained more vesicles than small segments. Seed number per fruit or per segment did not have significant correlation with the number of vesicles produced per fruit or per segment. A formula, based upon a partial fruit analysis, to estimate the total number of vesicles in a fruit within 5% of the actual number is presented. The number of vesicles produced in fruit was found to be influenced by environment. Fruit from trees of 'Eureka' lemon and 'Improved' Meyer lemons grown inside a temperature controlled greenhouse contained more vesicles than fruit from trees grown outdoors.

Extraction of DNA from Orange Juice, and Detection of Bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus by Real-Time PCR

“…Pectin content in orange juice ranges from 0.037 to 1.433 mg g –1 , depending on cultivar and harvest time . On the other hand, DNA content in orange juice is estimated about to be 0.3–0.5 μg g –1 , calculated based on the following estimation: nucleic DNA 0.68–0.98 pg per citrus cell; , <600 juice vesicles per segment; , 8 segments per orange fruit to produce 100 g of juice. Without removal of pectin, the DNA could not be extracted because presumably most of the DNA was trapped in the pectin gel mixture.…”

Musical tuning enhanced in-vitro micro/nano palpation for multi-scale biological entities

“…The vesicle is the membranous content of the fruit's endocarp [10] and its structure is similar to cells or embryos. It has a somewhat irregular elliptical shape with around 6 mm in length and about 2 mm in width.…”

Carpellary Outgrowth Development in the Endocarp of Grapefruit, Citrus paradisi (Rutaceae)

“…Each fused carpel, which comprises a segment, may contain hundreds of juice vesicles (Tisserat, Jones, and Galletta, 1990). Each fused carpel, which comprises a segment, may contain hundreds of juice vesicles (Tisserat, Jones, and Galletta, 1990).…”

“…The edible portion of Citrus fruits are primarily composed ofjuice vesicles enclosed in a locule by triangularly lunate fused carpels. Each fused carpel, which comprises a segment, may contain hundreds of juice vesicles (Tisserat, Jones, and Galletta, 1990). Juice vesicles arise as a result of anticlinal and then periclinal divisions of epidermal and subepidermal cells of the inner carpel wall.…”