Jugular venous and arterial concentrations of serum S-100B protein in patients with severe head injury: a pilot study

Raabe, Andreas; Menon, David; Gupta, Sanjeeva; Czosnyka, Marek; Pickard, John D.

doi:10.1136/jnnp.65.6.930

Cited by 71 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…20 They found a mean difference in S-100b arteriovenous content of 8.2% in patients with acute head injury, 20 in accordance with the mean gradient determined on our study in patients with FHF (7.5%). However, the gradient in our study was not significantly different from zero (P ϭ .07), which may be caused by the small sample size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

S-100b and neuron-specific enolase in patients with fulminant hepatic failure

Strauss

Christiansen

Møller

et al. 2001

Liver Transplantation

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Patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) frequently develop cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension. The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating S-100b and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels as markers of neurological outcome in patients with FHF. In a subgroup of patients, the cerebral flux of S-100b and NSE was measured. We included 35 patients with FHF, 6 patients with acute on chronic liver disease (AOCLD), 13 patients with cirrhosis of the liver without hepatic encephalopathy, and 8 healthy subjects. Blood samples were obtained from catheters placed in the radial artery and internal jugular bulb. The net cerebral flux of S-100b and NSE was measured, and the effect of short-term hyperventilation, as well as the effect of high-volume plasmapheresis, on circulating levels of these two biomarkers was determined. Blood levels of S-100b were greater in patients with FHF and AOCLD than patients with cirrhosis and healthy subjects (

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

S-100b and neuron-specific enolase in patients with fulminant hepatic failure

Strauss

Christiansen

Møller

et al. 2001

Liver Transplantation

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“…Levels are raised in other neuropathologies including traumatic brain injury [31]. In addition, S100B can be released from extracranial malignancies including schwannoma, melanoma and neuroblastoma [15, 32].…”

Section: S100b and Diagnosis Of Cerebral Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for a Clinically Informative Serum Biomarker in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: A Review of S100B

Dassan¹,

Keir²,

Brown³

2009

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background and Purpose: Serum S100B has been widely studied as a biomarker in acute ischaemic stroke. The main objective of this review was to appraise the published literature on S100B and determine its clinical applicability. Methods: Medline was searched to identify studies on S100B (or S-100B) in acute ischaemic stroke. The authors have proposed the criteria for a clinically informative serum biomarker for acute ischaemic stroke, and relevant articles relating to these criteria were then selected. Results: Studies have shown that S100B has a low specificity for acute ischaemic stroke because of its tendency to be raised from extracranial sources. Data regarding S100B kinetics compiled from 6 longitudinal studies show that serum levels are not raised immediately following acute ischaemic stroke and peak 3 days after symptom onset. However, serum S100B levels correlate well with infarct volume and are higher in stroke patients at risk of malignant infarction or haemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis. In addition, serum S100B levels correlate well with functional outcome. Conclusion: The evidence suggests that S100B is not a valuable biomarker for diagnosing acute ischaemic stroke. Instead, it may have a more promising role in non-specialist hospitals, as an additional tool for identifying patients at increased risk of specific early neurological complications after stroke and as a surrogate marker of cerebral damage and functional outcome, particularly in a research setting.

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“…Numerous reports in the literature document the usefulness of measuring glial fibrillary acidic protein in CSF as a specific indicator of CNS pathological abnormalities (Eng et al, 1971;Eng 1980;Aurell et al, 1991;Blennow et al, 1996). S-100b, the principal low-affinity calcium-binding protein in astrocytes (Xiong et al, 2000), was reported to consistently correlate with both GCS score and neuroradiological findings at admission (Raabe et al, 1999b(Raabe et al, , 1998Romner et al, 2000;Woertgen et al, 1999). Nevertheless S100b, initially considered unique to the nervous system, is present in other tissues including adipocytes and chondrocytes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

αII-Spectrin Breakdown Products (SBDPs): Diagnosis and Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

Mondello

Robicsek

Gabrielli

et al. 2010

Journal of Neurotrauma

187

142

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In this study we assessed the clinical utility of quantitative assessments of aII-spectrin breakdown products (SBDP145 produced by calpain, and SBDP120 produced by caspase-3) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as markers of brain damage and outcome after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). We analyzed 40 adult patients with severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score 8) who underwent ventriculostomy. Patients requiring CSF drainage for other medical reasons served as controls. CSF samples were taken at admission and every 6 h thereafter for a maximum of 7 days and assessed using novel quantitative fragment-specific ELISAs for SBDPs. Outcome was assessed using the 3-month Glasgow Outcome Scale. Mean CSF levels of SBDPs were significantly higher in TBI patients than in controls at all time points examined. Different temporal release patterns of CSF SBDP145 and SBDP120 were observed. SBDP145 provided accurate diagnoses at all time points examined, while SBDP120 release was more accurate 24 h after injury. Within 24 h after injury, SBDP145 CSF concentrations significantly correlated with GCS scores, while SBDP120 levels correlated with age. SBDP levels were significantly higher in patients who died than in those who survived. SBDP145 levels (>6 ng/mL) and SBDP120 levels (>17.55 ng/mL) strongly predicted death (odds ratio 5.9 for SBDP145, and 18.34 for SBDP120). The time course of SBDPs in nonsurvivors also differed from that of survivors. These results suggest that CSF SBDP levels can predict injury severity and mortality after severe TBI, and can be useful complements to clinical assessment.

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Jugular venous and arterial concentrations of serum S-100B protein in patients with severe head injury: a pilot study

Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyse the temporal course of the jugular venousarterial gradient of S-100B protein after severe head injury and the correlation between the absolute concentrations of serum S-100B protein and outcome, CT findings, and clinical variables.

Cited by 71 publications

References 14 publications

S-100b and neuron-specific enolase in patients with fulminant hepatic failure

S-100b and neuron-specific enolase in patients with fulminant hepatic failure

Criteria for a Clinically Informative Serum Biomarker in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: A Review of S100B

αII-Spectrin Breakdown Products (SBDPs): Diagnosis and Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

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