Joint funding of agricultural research by producers and government in Australia.

Abstract

This chapter outlines the current Australian rural research and development (R&D) funding system, and examines its key features. The levy system that supports the network of research and development corporations is then considered in detail. Recent trends in research funding are discussed, and lessons are drawn from Australia's experiences in rural R&D funding.

Private-sector investment in African agricultural research

“…Beyond these conceptual issues, a number of practical issues have also been identified with using levies to fund research (for example, Brennan and Mullen 2003;Kangasniemi 2003). The most obvious limitations are the feasibility and cost of collecting levies in smallholder agriculture.…”

Operationalizing Demand-Driven Agricultural Research: Institutional Influences in a Public and Private System of Research Planning in The Netherlands

“…Cash, 2001;Dalrymple, 2005). Examples are research councils (Kassam et al, 2004) or in the case of farmer-funded research there are bodies such as commodity boards and producers' organizations which act as intermediaries (see Brennan and Mullen, 2002). There are also specialized advisory organizations which fulfill such a role in matching demand and supply (see Klerkx and Leeuwis, in press a).…”

Private Sector Participation in the Brazilian Agricultural Research System: Case studies from the cotton and dairy industries

“…The majority of the boards formed to distribute these levies operate with substantial autonomy, although the producers have considerable influence in the decision-making process (Allegri 2002;Byerlee and Echeverría 2002;Estrada et al 2002;Kangasniemi 2002). Byerlee and Echeverría (2002); Brennan and Mullen (2002); Estrada et al (2002); Kangasniemi (2002); and Allegri (2002) have described the experience of countries such as Australia, Colombia, Africa, and Uruguay and respectively defined some lessons that should to be observed by countries with the intention of implementing their own system of research levies:…”