Joint Angle Specificity of Fixed Mass Versus Hydraulic Resistance Knee Flexion Training

Hunter, Gary R.; Culpepper, M. I.

doi:10.1519/00124278-199502000-00003

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In multiple joint actions, one group of muscles compensates the weakness of the other. Another indication of the multiple joint action required while performing the MSTS is a study [34] assessing the relationship between vertical jump and strength of knee extensors. This study demonstrated that improving the strength of knee extensors did not improve the results of the vertical jump, proposing that training this muscle group in isolation is not useful for improving vertical jump scores, as this skill requires good hip extensors as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘The Multiple-Sit-to-Stand’ Field Test for Older Adults: What Does It Measure?

et al. 2004

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Background: The need to predict decline in functional status in a large number of older adults has brought researchers and clinicians to develop easy-to-administer field tests. One of them is the ‘multiple-sit-to-stand’ (MSTS), which claims to measure leg strength. Objective: To assess the extent to which the MSTS is a leg strength, leg endurance or general endurance test. Methods: 49 independently functioning women (72.2 ± 6.4 years) were assessed on the MSTS, on a submaximal stress test, and on strength and endurance of knee extensors measured by isokinetics. The knee extensors were selected, more than in other muscle groups responsible for movement of the lower extremity, as the largest range of motion, and the largest torques required while performing activities of daily living (ADL) is found in this group. Results: The correlation of the MSTS with the stress test was moderate and significant but very low and nonsignificant with the isokinetic measurements. Conclusions: The MTST is not able to predict strength of knee extensors, the leading group of leg muscles in ADL. If at all, it predicts general endurance rather than any measure – muscle strength or muscle endurance – of lower extremities. Longitudinal studies assessing the potential of the MSTS to predict deterioration in ADL in older adults are recommended, as well as studies assessing other factors related to both MSTS and ADL, such as muscle-nerve coordination affecting multiple joint activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘The Multiple-Sit-to-Stand’ Field Test for Older Adults: What Does It Measure?

et al. 2004

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“…The first category (not truly a distinct pattern) of general adaptations seen in research is a mix of overall general adaptations for both fast and slow training (Caiozzo, Perrine, & Edgerton, 1981;Hunter & Culpepper, 1995;Palmieri, 1987;Pipes & Wilmore, 1975;Smith & Melton, 1981;Wenzel & Perfetto, 1992), and slow training exclusively (Aagaard, Simonsen, Trolle, Bangsbo, & Klausen, 1994;Andersen, et al, 2005;Colliander & Tesch, 1990;Smith & Melton, 1981) In an experiment that combined isotonic training at 30 and 90˚•sec In a study by Pipes and Wilmore (1975), a slow training group (24˚•sec −1 ) significantly (p<0.05) increased maximal isokinetic torque production at 24 and 136˚•sec −1 on multiple exercises following eight weeks of training. Additionally, the fast training group (136˚•sec −1 ) also showed significant isokinetic torque improvements at 24 and 136˚•sec −1 post-training.…”

Section: General Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the whole, there are mulitple studies that support general increases in torque production following resistance training protocols that are velocity controlled (Aagaard, Simonsen, Trolle, Bangsbo, & Klausen, 1994;Adyanju, Crews, & Meadors, 1983;Behm D. , 1991;Bell, Petersen, MacLean, Reid, & Quinney30, 1992;Bell, Snydmiller, Neary, & Quinney, 1989;Caiozzo, Perrine, & Edgerton, 1981;Colliander & Tesch, 1990;Housh & Housh, 1993;Hunter & Culpepper, 1995;Jones, Hunter, Fleisig, Esamilla, & Limar, 1999;Palmieri, 1987;Pipes & Wilmore, 1975;Sale, 1988;Smith & Melton, 1981;Timm, Sep. 1987;Wenzel & Perfetto, 1992). To view a comprehensive list of research reporting general training outcomes, see Table 3.…”

Section: General Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was a 1 minute and 30 seconds rest period between each set. Of the researchers that reported rest intervals between training and testing sets, most involved 1-2 minute time periods (Behm & Sale, 1993;Bell, Snydmiller, Neary, & Quinney, 1989;Colliander & Tesch, 1990;Housh & Housh, 1993;Hunter & Culpepper, 1995;Kanehisa & Miyashita, Specificity of velocity in strength training, 1983b;Narici, Roi, Landoni, Minette, & Cerretelli, 1989;Prevost, Nelson, & Maraj, 1999).…”

Section: General Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more general form of adaptations were reported in which torque output was increased at a wide range of velocities as a result of single velocity training (Andersen, et al, 2005;Behm, 1994;Bell, Petersen, MacLean, Reid, & Quinney, 1992;Bell, Snydmiller, Neary, & Quinney, 1989;Caiozzo, Perrine, & Edgerton, 1981;Colliander & Tesch, 1990;Housh & Housh, 1993;Hunter & Culpepper, 1995;Jones, Hunter, Fleisig, Esamilla, & Limar, 1999;Kanehisa & Miyashita, 1983b;Pipes & Wilmore, 1975;Timm, Sep. 1987;Palmieri, 1987;Wenzel & Perfetto, 1992). A different pattern of general adaptations was seen in which increases in torque output occurred at and below the training velocity (Lesmes, Costill, Edward, Coyle, & Fink, 1978;Moffroid & Whipple, 1970;Narici, Roi, Landoni, Minette, & Cerretelli, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Slow Velocity Isokinetic Resistance Training on High Velocity Force Output Following a Brief High Velocity Familiarization Period

House

Smith

O'Brien

et al. 2010

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Although the completion of this dissertation appears to be my accomplishment exclusively, it is in fact a reflection of many who assisted and supported me during this educational process. I would like to thank my committee members Drs. Doug Smith, Steven Edwards, Matthew O'Brien, and Janice Miller for their expertise and guidance. The four of you are much wiser in the world of academia than I am. Additionally, I would like to thank Dr. Diane Rudebock for her time and effort proofing my work and asking nothing in exchange. A special thanks to Dr. Melissa Powers as well for assisting me at very critical points in my study and asking nothing in return as well. I would also like to thank a personal friend, Mark Faries. Mark has been a source of encouragement for me for the past 3 1 / 2 years. Mark had helped me realize that what I am doing has merit. Mark has also provided valuable advice throughout this study. Mainly, thanks to Mark for listening and letting me bounce my much overexcited ideas off-of-him. Special thanks to my three brothers and sister: Rolland, John, Nathan, and Jessica House. It was such a rich experience growing-up with all of you. I believe these rich experiences provide strength through challenging times. I would also like to thank my parents, George and Edna House for providing me with so many tangible and intangible things too numerous to mention. My second biggest thanks go to my dear wife Aimee Noelle "Leann" House and my two precious children, Cole and Savannah House for all the countless sacrifices and amazing support. Without them this accomplishment would not be possible. My biggest thanks are to God and Christ Jesus for all that I have and for meaning of life.

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Evidence-Based Resistance Training Recommendations

Fisher¹,

Steele²,

Bruce-Low³

et al. 2011

Medicina Sportiva

139

151

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Resistance training produces an array of health benefits, as well as the potential to promote muscular adaptations of strength, size, power and endurance. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) regularly publish a position stand making recommendations for optimal achievement of the desired training goals. However, the most recent position stand (as well as previous ones) has come under heavy criticism for misrepresentation of research, lack of evidence and author bias. Therefore this paper proposes a set of scientifically rigorous resistance training guidelines, reviewing and summarising the relevant research for the purpose of proposing more logical, evidence-based training advice. We recommend that appreciably the same muscular strength and endurance adaptations can be attained by performing a single set of ~8-12 repetitions to momentary muscular failure, at a repetition duration that maintains muscular tension throughout the entire range of motion, for most major muscle groups once or twice each week. All resistance types (e.g. free-weights, resistance machines, bodyweight, etc.) show potential for increases in strength, with no significant difference between them, although resistance machines appear to pose a lower risk of injury. There is a lack of evidence to suggest that balance from free weights or use of unstable surfaces shows any transference to sporting improvement, and explosive movements are also not recommended as they present a high injury risk and no greater benefit than slow, controlled weight training. Finally, we consider genetic factors in relation to body type and growth potential.

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Joint Angle Specificity of Fixed Mass Versus Hydraulic Resistance Knee Flexion Training

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

‘The Multiple-Sit-to-Stand’ Field Test for Older Adults: What Does It Measure?

‘The Multiple-Sit-to-Stand’ Field Test for Older Adults: What Does It Measure?

The Effects of Slow Velocity Isokinetic Resistance Training on High Velocity Force Output Following a Brief High Velocity Familiarization Period

Evidence-Based Resistance Training Recommendations

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