Joining of AlN ceramic to metals using sputtered Al or Ti film

Zhu, Shuang; Włosiński, W.

doi:10.1016/s0924-0136(00)00814-1

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…For instance Incusil™ABA ® (Ag 59 Cu 27.25 In 12.5 Ti 1.25 , WESGO ® , Erlangen, Germany) is used for various ceramic-metal combinations [2][3][4] while a Ag 71. 5 Cu 19. 5 In 5 Ti 3 alloy is utilized to braze AlN to different metals.…”

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“…5 Cu 19. 5 In 5 Ti 3 alloy is utilized to braze AlN to different metals. [5] Given the materials to be joined and the joint geometry, there are two main issues affecting the mechanical performance of a ceramic-metal joint: the bond quality, which depends the ability of the filler to wet the ceramic surface, and the residual stresses which develop in the assembly after brazing (due to the differences in the mechanical and thermal expansion characteristics of the two joining partners) and primarily depend on the plastic deformation of the filler.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…5 In 15 alloy (Incusil™15, WESGO ® , Erlangen, Germany) was modified by adding Ti in different amounts: 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.%. The considered active element weight fractions are typical of commercial active brazing fillers used in ceramic-steel joints.…”

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Influence of Ti on the Mechanical Properties of AgCuInTi Active Brazing Fillers

2009

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Ceramic materials can be directly brazed to metals by using the so-called active brazing alloys. [1] In general these alloys are obtained by modifying conventional brazing fillers by adding an element able to promote wetting of the ceramic surface (typically a group IV element). One of the most common solutions is the addition of Ti to eutectic or quasi-eutectic AgCu or to AgCuIn alloys (In is added to improve the wetting behavior and lower the brazing temperature). The use of AgCuTi and AgCuTiIn for the production of ceramic-metal joints is widely reported in literature, typically for joining Si 3 N 4 , but also other ceramics. For instance Incusil™ABA ® (Ag 59 Cu 27.25 In 12.5 Ti 1.25 , WESGO ® , Erlangen, Germany) is used for various ceramic-metal combinations [2][3][4] while a Ag 71.5 Cu 19.5 In 5 Ti 3 alloy is utilized to braze AlN to different metals. [5] Given the materials to be joined and the joint geometry, there are two main issues affecting the mechanical performance of a ceramic-metal joint: the bond quality, which depends the ability of the filler to wet the ceramic surface, and the residual stresses which develop in the assembly after brazing (due to the differences in the mechanical and thermal expansion characteristics of the two joining partners) and primarily depend on the plastic deformation of the filler. The quantity of the active element in the brazing alloy has a two-fold influence on the joint performance: on one hand a large amount ensures better wetting, on the other it would lead to hardening of the filler alloy, detrimental to residual stress relief. [6] Moreover a low content of active element is generally preferred when brazing ceramics to reactive metals, such as steel, because an excess of active element could promote undesirable reactions (e.g. the formation of brittle intermetallic phases). The optimization of the content of active element in the alloy is crucial for successful brazing of ceramic-steel joints.In the present work a Ag 61.5 Cu 23.5 In 15 alloy (Incusil™15, WESGO ® , Erlangen, Germany) was modified by adding Ti in different amounts: 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.%. The considered active element weight fractions are typical of commercial active brazing fillers used in ceramic-steel joints. Bulk specimens of Incusil™15 and Incusil™15-Ti were fabricated and micro-hardness measurements were carried out to study the effect of Ti addition on the plastic properties of the alloy. The microstructure was investigated by optical and electron microscopy and by image analysis techniques. The alloys were used to braze Si 3 N 4 /TiN to steel and the joint performance was assessed by four point bend tests. The results of hardness measurements confirm that Ti has a hardening effect on Incusil™15. However, for the considered values of Ti addition (0.5 -1.5 wt.%), experimental results indicate that the extent of the hardening is insignificantly influenced by the amount of Ti introduced in the alloy. This was confirmed by the results of four point bend tests on joints which showed that sample...

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Influence of Ti on the Mechanical Properties of AgCuInTi Active Brazing Fillers

2009

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“…The formation of a thin Ti-rich layer adjacently to aluminum nitride after joining either by active metal brazing (Ref 6,7,9,10) In the present investigation, when brazing is carried out at 850°C, Ti-rich layer occasionally seems to present a layered morphology (see Fig. 3).…”

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confidence: 47%

Active Metal Brazing of Machinable Aluminum Nitride-Based Ceramic to Stainless Steel

Guedes

Pinto

2012

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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ShapalÔ-M machinable AlN-based ceramic and AISI 304 stainless steel were joined by active metal brazing, at 750, 800, and 850°C, with a dwell stage of 10 min at the processing temperature, using a 59Ag-27.25Cu-12.5In-1.25Ti (wt.%) filler foil. The influences of temperature on the microstructural features of brazed interfaces and on the shear strength of joints were assessed. The interfacial microstructures were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the composition of the phases detected at the interfaces was evaluated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The fracture surfaces of joints were analyzed by SEM, EDS, and GIXRD (Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction). Reaction between the liquid braze and both base materials led to the formation of a Ti-rich layer, adjacent to each base material. Between the Ti-rich layers, the interfaces consist of a (Ag) solid-solution matrix, where coarse (Cu) particles and either Cu-In or Cu-In-Ti and Cu-Ti intermetallics phases are dispersed. The stronger joints, with shear strength of 220 ± 32 MPa, were produced after brazing at 800°C. Fracture of joints occurred preferentially not only through the ceramic sample but also across the adjoining TiN layer, independent of the brazing temperature.

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“…Moreover the process is time-consuming. The methods most frequently used in the industrial practice are powder metallurgy, active brazing, PVD, CVD and IPD [17,21,22]. Another known method consists of the activation of the ceramic surface by metal ion implantation [1,7,14,20,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing the energy of kinetic friction for the metallization of ceramics

Chmielewski

Golański

Włosiński

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences

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Abstract. The paper is concerned with the metallization of ceramic materials using the friction-welding method in which the mechanism of the formation of a joint involves the kinetic energy of friction. The friction energy is directly transformed into heat and delivered in a specified amount precisely to the joint being formed between the metallic layer and the substrate material. The paper describes the ceramic metallization process, which has been developed by the present authors based on the friction-welding method.The stress and temperature fields induced in the joint during the metallization process were determined using the finite element method with the aim to optimize the process parameters. The results were verified experimentally. The structures of the metallic coatings thus obtained were examined and the results are discussed in the paper.

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Joining of AlN ceramic to metals using sputtered Al or Ti film

Cited by 38 publications

References 2 publications

Influence of Ti on the Mechanical Properties of AgCuInTi Active Brazing Fillers

Influence of Ti on the Mechanical Properties of AgCuInTi Active Brazing Fillers

Active Metal Brazing of Machinable Aluminum Nitride-Based Ceramic to Stainless Steel

Utilizing the energy of kinetic friction for the metallization of ceramics

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