Job Polarization and Task‐Biased Technological Change: Evidence from Sweden, 1975–2005

Adermon, Adrian; Gustavsson, Magnus

doi:10.1111/sjoe.12109

Cited by 86 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This well-known phenomenon has been found in the US (Wright and Dwyer 2003;Autor, Katz, and Kearney. 2006;Autor and Dorn 2013), the UK (Goos and Manning 2007;Salvatori 2015), Germany (Spitz-Oener 2006;Dustmann et al 2009;Kampelmann and Rycx 2011), and Sweden (Adermon and Gustavsson 2015). With respect to Europe, results are more controversial.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Explaining job polarisation in Spain from a task perspective

Sebastian

2018

SERIEs

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This paper presents new evidence on the evolution of job polarisation in Spain between 1994 and 2014. After showing the U-shaped relationship between employment share growth and job's percentile in the wage distribution, I use the task approach to investigate the main determinants behind job polarisation. Using the European Working Condition Survey I analyse in detail the task content of the jobs which display the most significant employment changes. I show that changes in employment shares are negatively related to the initial level of routine. I then explore the impact of computerisation on routine task inputs and I find that the routine measure is negatively related to computerisation. Finally, by using information on past jobs, I provide evidence on the displacement of middle-paid workers. Results suggest that they did not predominantly relocate their labour supply to bottom-paid occupations: while non-graduate middle workers move towards bottom occupations, graduate middle employees shift towards top occupations. This fact suggests that supply-side changes are important factors in explaining the expansion at the lower and upper tail of the employment distribution.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Due to its simplicity, it is subsequently applied subsequently applied to British (Goos and Manning 2007), German (Kampelmann and Rycx 2011), Swedish (Adermon and Gustavsson 2015) and European data (Goos et al 2009(Goos et al , 2014Fernández-Macías 2012). Three steps are usually followed.…”

Section: Appendix C: Methodology Applied To Measured Job Polarisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining job polarisation in Spain from a task perspective

Sebastian

2018

SERIEs

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“…Arbetsmarknaden i Sverige förefaller sedan 1990 ha utvecklats mot en ökad polarisering (Adermon & Gustavsson, 2015). Under perioden 1975Under perioden -1990 ökade antalet anställningar i alla inkomstgrupper och särskilt i den lägsta inkomstgruppen.…”

Section: Arbetsmarknadunclassified

“…De enda anställningar som ökar gäller för den femtedel som har de högsta inkomsterna. Liknande mönster påvisas i andra delar av Västeuropa, vilket talar för att det också gäller i övriga nordiska länder (Adermon & Gustavsson, 2015).…”

Section: Arbetsmarknadunclassified

Att minska ojämlikhet i hälsa – några dilemman

Bremberg¹

2016

Nordisk välfärdsforskning | Nordic Welfare Research

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Sven Bremberg är barn-och ungdomsläkare och docent i socialmedicin vid Karolinska Institutet. Han är nu verksam vid Folkhälsomyndigheten. Sven Bremberg har medverkat i arbetet med att utveckla en svensk strategi för att minska sociala skillnader i hälsa under uppväxten. Han har varit ansvarig för uppdrag från regeringen som behandlat stöd till föräldrar, ungdomars psykiska hälsa och prevention av självmord. sven.bremberg@mac.com SAMMENDRAG Mottot för den WHO-kommission som lämnade en rapport år 2008 var att "eliminera de sociala skillnaderna inom en generation". Syftet med denna artikel är att diskutera ett antal dilemman inom området. De nordiska länderna präglas av väl utvecklad välfärdspolitik. Trots detta har de relativa skillnaderna i dödlighet ökat snabbare i dessa länder, jämfört med övriga Västeuropa och Sydeuropa. Det finns ingen given förklaring till denna utveckling. Utvecklingen i Storbritannien under perioden 1997-2010 är tänkvärd. Regeringen lanserade ett omfattande program som syftade till att reducera hälsoskillnader. Trots detta ökade både de relativa och absoluta hälsoskillnaderna under perioden. En förklaring kan vara att den sociala skiktningen av hälsa hänger samman med individens totala tillgång till resurser, det som ibland kallas den "fundamentala orsaken". Genomgången visar att kunskaperna om effektiva åtgärder ofta är ofullständiga. Detta kan dock inte utgöra hinder för politiska initiativ. Uppenbart behövs ytterligare forskning inom området. ABSTRACTThe WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health, published in 2008, calls for closing the social gap in health within a generation. In order to achieve this goal, a number of dilemmas have to be solved. In spite of well-developed welfare policies, the relative social differences in health during recent decades increased more in the Nordic countries compared to other parts of Western Europe and Southern Europe. There is no obvious explanation. The development in Great Britain in the period 1997-2010 is worth considering. In the beginning of the period, the government launched an extensive programme aimed at reducing social inequalities in health. Yet both relative and absolute social health inequali-

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“…At the same time, the past few decades have witnessed a rapid (and simultaneous) growth in both the highest-and lowest-skilled job. This phenomenon, which is also referred to as job polarization, is evident in the US (e.g., see Autor and Dorn, 2013;and Autor, 2015), the UK (e.g., see Goos and Manning, 2007), Germany (e.g., Spitz-Oener 2006;Dustmann et al, 2009) and Sweden (e.g., Adermon and Gustavsson, 2015). Goos et al (2014) and Michael et al (2014) find that the high-and low-paying occupations have expanded relative to middle-wage occupations in most European countries, suggesting that job polarization is pervasive across advanced economies.…”

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confidence: 99%

New technology and old institutions: An empirical analysis of the skill-biased demand for older workers in Europe

2017

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Using panel data from nine European countries over the period 1970 to 2007, we examine the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on the demand for older workers (aged 50 and over). We find evidence of a decrease in demand for older workers in the 1970s and 1980s. It can be argued that the impact of ICT on demand for older workers is skill-biased. However, the skill-biased demand for older workers is mainly reflected in the skill-biased changes in employment shares rather than relative wages. There is some evidence of a gradual deskilling of older workers. We find that labour market institutions such as the national minimum wage, social pacts on wage issues and union density mostly benefit skilled older workers, while coordination of wage setting, extension of collective agreements, social pacts on pensions and centralisation of wage bargaining can alleviate the adverse effects of skill-biased technological change.JEL Classifications: J21, J24, J31

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Job Polarization and Task‐Biased Technological Change: Evidence from Sweden, 1975–2005

Cited by 86 publications

References 30 publications

Explaining job polarisation in Spain from a task perspective

Explaining job polarisation in Spain from a task perspective

Att minska ojämlikhet i hälsa – några dilemman

New technology and old institutions: An empirical analysis of the skill-biased demand for older workers in Europe

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