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Leonard, Maurice; Creed, Elizabeth; Brayden, David J.; Baird, Alan W.

doi:10.1023/a:1007541423500

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Measurement of Macromolecular Permeability-Paracellular permeability was determined by measuring apical to basolateral flux of fluoresceinated dextran (FD-4, M r 4; Sigma) using a modification of previously described method (40). Briefly, confluent epithelial monolayers on 0.33-cm 2 0.4-m pore size permeable supports were washed twice with Hanks' balanced salt solution containing calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate (HBSS ϩ ) and maintained at 37°C on a shaking warm plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-6 Induces Keratin Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Wang

Srinivasan

Theiss

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Keratin 8 (K8) and keratin-18 (K18) are the major intermediate filament proteins in the intestinal epithelia. The regulation and function of keratin in the intestinal epithelia is largely unknown. In this study we addressed the role and regulation of K8 and K18 expression by interleukin 6 (IL-6). Caco2-BBE cell line and IL-6 null mice were used to study the effect of IL-6 on keratin expression. Keratin expression was studied by Northern blot, Western blot, and confocal microscopy. Paracellular permeability was assessed by apical-to-basal transport of a fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran probe (FD-4). K8 was silenced using the small interfering RNA approach. IL-6 significantly up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of K8 and K18. Confocal microscopy showed a reticular pattern of intracellular keratin localized to the subapical region after IL-6 treatment. IL-6 also induced serine phosphorylation of K8. IL-6 decreased paracellular flux of FD-4 compared with vehicle-treated monolayers. K8 silencing abolished the decrease in paracellular permeability induced by IL-6. Administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) significantly increased intestinal permeability in IL-6 ؊/؊ mice compared with wild type mice given DSS. Collectively, our data demonstrate that IL-6 regulates the colonic expression of K8 and K18, and K8/K18 mediates barrier protection by IL-6 under conditions where intestinal barrier is compromised. Thus, our data uncover a novel function of these abundant cytoskeletal proteins, which may have implications in intestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease wherein barrier dysfunction underlies the inflammatory response.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-6 Induces Keratin Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Wang

Srinivasan

Theiss

et al. 2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The absorptive permeability of model molecules was measured. In particular, model molecules that are absorbed via passive paracellular pathway, Fluorescein and Rhodamine 123, were tested (Leonard, Collnot et al 2010). In addition to the passive paracellular absorption in influx direction, Rhodamine 123 is known to be transported via carriermediated route in case of efflux transport (Yumoto, Murakami et al 1999;Yumoto, Murakami et al 2001;Troutman and Thakker 2003).…”

Section: Measurement Of Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gut epithelial cells are known to proliferate from the crypt region, and go through further differentiation while migrating towards the top of the villi (Wang, Murthy et al 2010;Wang, Ahmad et al 2014). This implies that there exist spatial heterogeneity in the gut epithelium in terms of cells' physiology (Leonard, Collnot et al 2010). It has been shown that the pattern of bacterial invasion in the gut epithelium also shows spatial variation (Costello, Sorna et al 2014b).…”

Section: Measurement Of Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Influx and efflux permeabilities of two model molecules, Fluorescein and Rhodamine 123, were examined. Fluorescein was chosen as model for influx transport via passive, paracellular route (Leonard, Creed et al 2000). Rhodamine 123 was chosen as a model molecule for influx transport via passive, paracellular route and efflux transport via carriermediated route (Yumoto, Murakami et al 1999;Yumoto, Murakami et al 2001;Troutman and Thakker 2003).…”

Section: Measurement Of Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfluidic gut-on-a-chip with three-dimensional villi structure

Shim

Lee

Han

et al. 2017

Biomed Microdevices

162

152

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Current in vitro gut models lack physiological relevance, and various approaches have been taken to improve current cell culture models. For example, mimicking the three-dimensional (3D) tissue structure or fluidic environment has been shown to improve the physiological function of gut cells. Here, we incorporated a collagen scaffold that mimics the human intestinal villi into a microfluidic device, thus providing cells with both 3D tissue structure and fluidic shear. We hypothesized that the combined effect of 3D structure and fluidic shear may provide cells with adequate stimulus to induce further differentiation and improve physiological relevance. The physiological function of our '3D gut chip' was assessed by measuring the absorptive permeability of the gut epithelium and activity of representative enzymes, as well as morphological evaluation. Our results suggest that the combination of fluidic stimulus and 3D structure induces further improvement in gut functions. Our work provides insight into the effect of different tissue environment on gut cells.

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“…Iontophoretic delivery of a chelating agent could break apart the tight junctions through sequestration of calcium, substantially increasing the flux of analytes in conjunction with reverse iontophoresis ( Figure 6 a ). [ 205 ] A similar approach has been used previously in gut epithelium to improve drug delivery, [ 207 ] but never for analyte extraction. More systematic work remains to obtain controlled parameters or understand the link between analyte concentration in sweat and iontophoretic current.…”

Section: Practical Challenges On Wearable Human Heath and Performance...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers and Detection Platforms for Human Health and Performance Monitoring: A Review

et al. 2022

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Human health and performance monitoring (HHPM) is imperative to provide information necessary for protecting, sustaining, evaluating, and improving personnel in various occupational sectors, such as industry, academy, sports, recreation, and military. While various commercially wearable sensors are on the market with their capability of “quantitative assessments” on human health, physical, and psychological states, their sensing is mostly based on physical traits, and thus lacks precision in HHPM. Minimally or noninvasive biomarkers detectable from the human body, such as body fluid (e.g., sweat, tear, urine, and interstitial fluid), exhaled breath, and skin surface, can provide abundant additional information to the HHPM. Detecting these biomarkers with novel or existing sensor technologies is emerging as critical human monitoring research. This review provides a broad perspective on the state of the art biosensor technologies for HHPM, including the list of biomarkers and their physiochemical/physical characteristics, fundamental sensing principles, and high‐performance sensing transducers. Further, this paper expands to the additional scope on the key technical challenges in applying the current HHPM system to the real field.

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Untitled

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Interleukin-6 Induces Keratin Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Interleukin-6 Induces Keratin Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Microfluidic gut-on-a-chip with three-dimensional villi structure

Biomarkers and Detection Platforms for Human Health and Performance Monitoring: A Review

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