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Hammitt, James K.; Graham, John D.

doi:10.1023/a:1007760327375

Cited by 273 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…This is hardly surprising since proportionality is generally rejected in the included studies in the primary data. A significant relationship between the mortality risk reduction and VSL was also more formally established in the global meta-analysis of VSL estimates (including two of the studies surveyed in this paper) [2] as well as in a number of other previous empirical studies [18]. The problem with scale insensitivity is of course also potentially important for the VSL estimates included in Table 2 in general, i.e.…”

Section: Concluding Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…It has been shown that VSL studies, especially when mortality risk reductions are very small, tend to suffer from scale insensitivity, i.e. WTP does not increase proportionally or "near-proportionally" with the risk reduction [18].…”

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretically WTP should increase close to proportionally ("near-proportionality") with the magnitude of the risk reduction, but several studies have shown it to lack significant sensitivity to scale [18]. 3 This is problematic since it implies that VSL will be relatively higher in SP studies that use relatively smaller risk reduction (and the difference may be quite large).…”

Section: Empirical Approaches: How To Empirically Estimate Vslmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The value of a statistical life in Sweden: A review of the empirical literature

Hultkrantz¹,

Svensson²

2012

Health Policy

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Section: Concluding Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Empirical Approaches: How To Empirically Estimate Vslmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The value of a statistical life in Sweden: A review of the empirical literature

Hultkrantz¹,

Svensson²

2012

Health Policy

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“…The result points to an inadequate sensitivity in WTP to scope (scope bias), which is often reported in contingent valuation studies and stated preference approaches in general (e.g., [31, 32]). Several studies regarding WTP per QALY have found evidence of scope bias [3, 4, 7, 8, 15], and a recent meta-analysis estimate a 64% decrease in WTP-Q per unit larger QALY change [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating a constant WTP for a QALY—a mission impossible?

Sund

Svensson

2017

Eur J Health Econ

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Economic evaluations are an important input to decision-making and priority-setting in the health care sector. Measuring preferences for health improvements, as the demand-side value (willingness to pay) of gaining a quality-adjusted life year (QALY), is one relevant component in the interpretation of the results from health economic evaluations. Our article addresses whether willingness to pay for a QALY (WTP-Q) is sensitive to the size of the health differences and the probability for improvement. We use data from a contingent valuation survey based on 1400 respondents conducted in the spring of 2014. The results show that the expectation of sensitivity to scope, or higher WTP to the larger expected quality of life improvement, is not supported. We find WTP-Q values that conform reasonably well to previous studies in Sweden.

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“…In fact, existing studies which evaluate the effect of age on VSLs provided contradictory results. It has been reported that VSL for children may be greater or at least equal comparing to VSL calculated for adults (Blomquist 2004), or that VSL could increase Lee et al 1997) or decrease with age (Hammitt and Graham 1999;Corso et al 2001;Krupnick et al 2002). We decide to consider this higher estimator used by EPA in most benefit-cost analysis to underline the fact that the very rare studies aiming to approximate parental WTP for child risk reduction have obtained the estimators of VSL for children that exceeded most of VSL figures reported in the literature for adults (Jenkins et al 2001).…”

Section: Estimated Costs Of Pertussis Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution over time of costs and social net benefits for pertussis immunization programs

Girard

2009

Int J Health Care Finance Econ

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The cost of a six-dose pertussis immunization programs for children and adolescents is investigated in relation to estimators of the price of acellular vaccine, the value of a child's life, levels of vaccination rate and discount rates. We compare the cost of the program maintained over time at 90% with three alternative strategies, each involving a decrease in vaccination coverage. Data from England and Wales, 1966-2005, is used to formalize a delay in occurrence of pertussis cases as a result of a fall in coverage. We first apply the criterion of minimization of the total social cost of pertussis to identify the best cost saving immunization strategy. The results are also discussed in form of the discounted present value of the total social net benefits. We find that the discounted present value of the total social net benefit is maximized when a stable vaccination program at 90% is compared to a gradual decrease in vaccination coverage leading to the lowest vaccination rate. The benefits to society of providing sustained immunization strategy, vaccinating the highest proportion of children and adolescents, are systematically proved on the basis of the second optimisation criterion, independently of the level of estimators applied during economic evaluation for the cost variables.

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Untitled

Cited by 273 publications

References 68 publications

The value of a statistical life in Sweden: A review of the empirical literature

The value of a statistical life in Sweden: A review of the empirical literature

Estimating a constant WTP for a QALY—a mission impossible?

The distribution over time of costs and social net benefits for pertussis immunization programs

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