JDCAD: A highly interactive 3D modeling system

The personal cockpit

“…Accuracy is improved by widening the ray into a cone [122], but this requires a secondary technique to disambiguate individual items from clusters [9]. Similar methods have been proposed for disambiguating items that lie along the path of a ray [211], as well as alternative techniques such as bending the ray [158].…”

Hapto-Acoustic Interaction Metaphors in 3D Virtual Environments for Non-Visual Settings

“…Indeed, when the ray operates over large distances it results in a lower accuracy due to the hand jitter amplification; moreover small angular motion of the input device causes large movements of the r a y . O b j e c t s o c c l u d e d o r i n h i g h d e n s e arrangement are difficult to be selected (Liang & Green, 1994). The Cone-casting enhances the basic technique involving the use of a cone shaped selection volume with the apex placed at the virtual input device 3D position (Liang & Green, 1994), (Zhai et al, 1994).…”

“…O b j e c t s o c c l u d e d o r i n h i g h d e n s e arrangement are difficult to be selected (Liang & Green, 1994). The Cone-casting enhances the basic technique involving the use of a cone shaped selection volume with the apex placed at the virtual input device 3D position (Liang & Green, 1994), (Zhai et al, 1994). By increasing the activation area, multiple targets can be selected and a more stable pointing is allowed but this approach, due to the need of a disambiguation mechanism, leads to a more complex interaction (Hinkley et al 1994).…”

Interaction and Co-located Collaboration in Large Projection-Based Virtual Environments

“…The tracked PDA is also used as a pointing device for 3D object selection by ray casting [10], extending a virtual lightsaber [11] from the tip of the PDA. For selection, the user points the lightsaber at a virtual object ( Figure 6) and clicks the top-left PDA button.…”