JC Virus Seroprevalence and JCVAb Index in Polish Multiple Sclerosis Treatment-Naïve Patients

Bonek, Robert; Guenter, Wojciech; Jałowiński, Robert; Karbicka, Anna; Litwin, Anna; Maciejowski, Maciej; Zajdel, Radosław; Petit, Véronique; Rejdak, Konrad

doi:10.3390/jcm9123867

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In a Czech study, the levels of JCPyV antibodies in seropositive samples were stable among different age groups [35]. In a Polish study, the youngest MS patients (18-29 years old) had the lowest level of JCPyV antibodies, which increased over time up to 60 years old, although these differences were not significant [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Prevalence of JC Polyomavirus in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease of Unknown Etiology in Croatia

Vilibic-Cavlek,

Bogdanic,

Peric

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: John Cunningham polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a highly prevalent virus in the human population. The prevalence of JCPyV in patients with central nervous system disorders has not been examined extensively. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of JCPyV DNA/antibodies in patients with neuroinvasive diseases (NID) of unknown etiology. Materials and Methods: The study included 132 patients with NID (febrile headache, meningitis, encephalitis) tested from January 2021 to December 2022. The control group consisted of 47 asymptomatic individuals. In patients with NID, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected in the acute phase of the disease. CSF samples were tested for JCPyV DNA (PCR), while serum samples were tested for JCPyV IgG antibodies (ELISA). In controls, serum samples were tested for JCPyV IgG antibodies (ELISA). Results: JCPyV DNA was not detected in any of the CSF samples from patients with NID. JCPyV IgG antibodies were detected in 88.6% of patients and 74.5% of controls (p < 0.001). In the patients’ group, a significant difference in the IgG prevalence was observed between males (94.6%) and females (81.0%). In addition, significant differences in the seropositivity between age groups were found. The lowest seroprevalence (28.6%) was in patients less than 20 years, followed by a sharp increase in the 20–29-year group (69.2%), after which the seroprevalence remained stable (90.0–94.1%) in patients up to 69 years. All patients older than 70 years were JCPyV IgG-seropositive. No significant difference in the seroprevalence was found in patients presenting with febrile headache (81.6%), meningitis (93.3%), or meningoencephalitis (91.3%). No difference in the seropositivity between genders was found in controls. Although the seropositivity steadily increased in older participants, these differences were not significant. Analyzing the JCPyV antibody levels in patients with NID, the median antibody titers differed significantly between groups, ranging from 248 AU/mL (younger age groups) to 400 AU/mL (older age groups). Conclusions: Higher seroprevalence in the patients’ group highlights the need to further investigate the possible association of JCPyV and NID.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Prevalence of JC Polyomavirus in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease of Unknown Etiology in Croatia

Vilibic-Cavlek,

Bogdanic,

Peric

et al. 2023

Medicina

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“…JCPyV and MuPyV undergo active lytic infection in vitro, whereas in vivo we do not see signs of viremia unless the hosts are immunocompromised. Interestingly, the literature demonstrates high rates of JCPyV-specific antibodies in the blood [ 6 , 116 , 117 , 118 ]. How the virus elicits this strong humoral response is unknown.…”

Section: How Do Polyomaviruses Maintain Long-term Persistence?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyomavirus Wakes Up and Chooses Neurovirulence

Butic,

Spencer,

Shaheen

et al. 2023

Viruses

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JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a human-specific polyomavirus that establishes a silent lifelong infection in multiple peripheral organs, predominantly those of the urinary tract, of immunocompetent individuals. In immunocompromised settings, however, JCPyV can infiltrate the central nervous system (CNS), where it causes several encephalopathies of high morbidity and mortality. JCPyV-induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a devastating demyelinating brain disease, was an AIDS-defining illness before antiretroviral therapy that has “reemerged” as a complication of immunomodulating and chemotherapeutic agents. No effective anti-polyomavirus therapeutics are currently available. How depressed immune status sets the stage for JCPyV resurgence in the urinary tract, how the virus evades pre-existing antiviral antibodies to become viremic, and where/how it enters the CNS are incompletely understood. Addressing these questions requires a tractable animal model of JCPyV CNS infection. Although no animal model can replicate all aspects of any human disease, mouse polyomavirus (MuPyV) in mice and JCPyV in humans share key features of peripheral and CNS infection and antiviral immunity. In this review, we discuss the evidence suggesting how JCPyV migrates from the periphery to the CNS, innate and adaptive immune responses to polyomavirus infection, and how the MuPyV-mouse model provides insights into the pathogenesis of JCPyV CNS disease.

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“…In Spain, a multicenter study was carried out with a large sample, finding a prevalence of seropositivity of 55.3% without identifying differences with other regions studied at that time 13 . Another study in Poland reported a prevalence of 63.1%, one of the highest in Europe 14 . While in Korea, the prevalence was up to 80% 15 , and in Kuwait, it was low, falling at the lower limit of the ranges established worldwide 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seroprevalence and seroconversion of JC virus antibodies in a Mexican multiple sclerosis patients cohort

Bertado-Cortés¹,

Castro²,

Rubio³

2023

RMN

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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an infectious and opportunistic disease caused by the John Cunningham virus (JCV), in a immunusupresion state, JCV can be reactivated. In patients with recurrent remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), the immunosuppressants or immunoregulators are administered as disease-modifying treatment, one of them is natalizumab, unfortunately, it has been associated with the development of PML. The quantification of JCVAb is of particular interest since it has been directly proportionally associated with the development of PML. This study objective was to determine the prevalence of JCVAb seropositivity in a sample of patients with MS in Mexico and their behavior of seroconversion. Methods: The antibody index was determined using the STRATIFY JCV TM test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELI-SA) in a reference laboratory, Quest Diagnostics Infectious Disease, Inc., California. Results: A total of 93 patients with RRMS who had at least one JCVAb determination were included from November 2015 to November 2020 Discussion: Factors such as age and gender do not contribute to seroconversion, we understand the importance of extending the measurement of other elements that could influence in the behavior of the VJC status, this study identified a prevalence of JCVAb seropositivity of 67.7%, the positive seroconversion rate was lower than reported.

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JC Virus Seroprevalence and JCVAb Index in Polish Multiple Sclerosis Treatment-Naïve Patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Prevalence of JC Polyomavirus in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease of Unknown Etiology in Croatia

Prevalence of JC Polyomavirus in Patients with Neuroinvasive Disease of Unknown Etiology in Croatia

Polyomavirus Wakes Up and Chooses Neurovirulence

Seroprevalence and seroconversion of JC virus antibodies in a Mexican multiple sclerosis patients cohort

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