Jaringan Kereta Api sebagai Sarana Transportasi Pendukung Industri Perkebunan di Sumatera Timur: Peranan Deli Maatschappij dan Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij, 1881-1940

Muhajir, Ahmad; Anwar, Syaiful; Sumantri, Pulung

doi:10.34007/warisan.v1i1.162

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Jaringan kereta api pertama kali dibangun di Semarang pada tahun 1867 dengan rute Semarang-Tanggung oleh maskapai swasta Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorwegmaatschappij (NIS). Tujuan adalah untuk mendukung kurang optimalnya penggunaan jalan raya dan untuk mengangkut hasil bumi pada periode Tanam Paksa (Muhajir et al 2020). Di Sumatera Timur, jaringan kereta api dibangun oleh maskapai swasta Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij (DSM) untuk mengangkut komoditas hasil industri perkebunan sekaligus solusi bagi sistem transportasi sungai yang tidak lagi efisien.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Railway Network, Industrialization, and Development of Langsa, Aceh in 1907—1943

Rahman,

Arie Wibowo,

Akob

2023

MOZAIK

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This study aims to reveal the railway networks, industrialization, and development of Langsa, Aceh in 1907-1943s. In the early 1900s, Langsa was designed as a Government Center and a new economic center on the East Coast of Aceh. However, Langsa was not yet connected to the railway networks, so it was necessary to build a railway line as one of the supporting infrastructures. The construction of the railway networks changed many things, ranging from urban landscape, economy, politics, to socio-culture. To pursue the aim of this study, historical methods consisted of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography were applied. The sources used were colonial archives, contemporary newspapers, contemporary magazines, and other relevant sources. This study found that the construction of the railway networks in Langsa was part of the Dutch colonial government's strategy to maximize economic benefits in the eastern coastal region of Aceh by building connectivity from the North and South regions. The development of the railway networks also had an impact on the growth of the economy, the mobilization of a dynamic population, the growth of good infrastructure for travelers, facilitating communication networks, to encourage the emergence of various types of new professions. However, the construction of the railway networks played a role in environmental damage in the eastern coastal region of Aceh as well as gave insignificant impact on the development of Aceh's indigenous human resources.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Railway Network, Industrialization, and Development of Langsa, Aceh in 1907—1943

Rahman,

Arie Wibowo,

Akob

2023

MOZAIK

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“…By 1920, the number of European personnel had increased to 250 and the indigenous to 3,704. Based on racial classification, European personnel are placed in job positions that require expertise, while indigenous personnel are in rough and unskilled job positions [23]. In 1924, trains carried 680,000 tons of 1,000 kilograms of goods over an average distance of 72.5 kilometers and 4,500,000 travelers an average distance of 22 kilometers.…”

Section: Railway Network Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Railway Transport Development in East Sumatra, 1880s-1930s

Rivai¹,

Damanik²,

Lubis³

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Innovation in Education, Science and Culture, ICIESC 2022, 11 October 2022,

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This article examines the relationship between the development of the plantation industry and the construction of railway in East Sumatra in the 1880s-1930s. This article uses historical methods. This study reveals that the construction of railway lines is related to the needs of planters for modern transportation to transport plantation products. The construction of railway infrastructure was carried out by Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij (DSM), a company formed in 1881 by the manager of Deli Maatschappij, J.T. Cremer. In the period 1883-1937, the DSM built 553,223 kilometers of railroads stretching from Besitang to Rantau Prapat. This transportation can reduce the time and cost of transporting plantation products to the port.

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“…Cremer memimpin Deli Maatschappij. Perkembangan perkebunan tembakau yang pesat menyebabkan banyak pengusaha-pengusaha yang tertarik untuk menanamkan modal di Sumatera Timur (Muhajir, et al, 2020). Pada tahun 1872 sudah terdapat 13 perkebunan di Deli, 1 di Langkat dan 1 di Serdang.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Sejarah Asahan Dan Pembukaan Perkebunan...unclassified

Migrasi Orang Jawa ke Asahan pada Masa Kolonial

Wicaksono

2021

Mukadimah

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This article aims to reconstruct the history of Javanese migration to Asahan during the Dutch colonial period. The migration of Javanese to Asahan was the impact of the labor demand in the massive plantation industry sector on the East Coast of Sumatra. This study uses historical research methods using primary and secondary sources. The rapid development of plantations in Asahan made entrepreneurs bring in Javanese to sustain the company. To fulfill the needs of Javanese coolies, an agency was formed that has a special task of bringing in workers from Java Island. The life of the coolies is built with various facilities such as hospitals, cleanliness, housing, public kitchens, schools, and many others. Plantation entrepreneurs issue special monetary policies that aim to narrow the space for coolies by printing “kebon money” which only applies to plantations. The Javanese who migrated to Asahan were not able to achieve the hope of living a more decent life than their hometowns in their hometowns, they were instead caught in the trap of capitalists whose labor was exploited as coolies in remote areas of the plantation.

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Jaringan Kereta Api sebagai Sarana Transportasi Pendukung Industri Perkebunan di Sumatera Timur: Peranan Deli Maatschappij dan Deli Spoorweg Maatschappij, 1881-1940

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Railway Network, Industrialization, and Development of Langsa, Aceh in 1907—1943

Railway Network, Industrialization, and Development of Langsa, Aceh in 1907—1943

Railway Transport Development in East Sumatra, 1880s-1930s

Migrasi Orang Jawa ke Asahan pada Masa Kolonial

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