To study the effect of dendritic structure on the macroscopic nonlinearities, four types of dendritic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials containing the same isophorone-bridged chromophores are prepared, including AB 2 -type dendrimer (D1), AB 2 -type hyperbranched polymer (HBP, HP1), "A 3 +B 2 "-type HBP (HP2), and "A 3 +AB 2 "-type HBP (HP3). The detailed 1 H NMR spectra analysis manifests that through suitable end-capping modifications, HP1 exhibits a relatively perfect dendritic structure like dendrimer with the degree of branching close to 1 while both HP2 and HP3 still contain a lot of linear structural defects. As a result, the measured second-harmonic generation (SHG) coefficients (d 33 ) of D1 and HP1 can be up to 71.3 and 77.6 pm/ V, respectively, both of which are much larger than those of HP2 (32.2 pm/V) and HP3 (55.4 pm/V). Our results strongly suggest that AB 2 -type self-polymerization with suitable end-capping modifications is a feasible methodology to achieve large NLO effects, while simultaneously maintaining merits of facile one-pot synthesis and high thermal stability of NLO effects. In addition, the higher d 33 value for HP3 than HP2 could be due to the optimization of dendritic structure derived from the particular "A 3 +AB 2 "-type polymerization, providing a new way to design hyperbranched NLO polymers.