J. Mauchline, 1998. The biology of calanoid copepods

Klein, J.C. Von Vaupel

doi:10.1163/156854008784513492

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…For full citations, see the Supporting Information 1: http://online library.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.10156/suppinfo. Ji et al (2009) up the majority of the CPR zooplankton dataset (Kane 2009), and are the most numerous mesozooplankton group in the ocean (Mauchline 1998). This subset of the Gulf of Maine CPR time series was chosen for analysis because copepod taxonomic identification and enumeration were consistent throughout.…”

Section: Continuous Plankton Recorder Copepod Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CPR dataset does not contain copepod lengths, which were critical to our model. Copepod prosome length is strongly related to the temperatures at which growth occurs (reviewed in Mauchline 1998). To reflect the impact of changing temperature on body size in our model, we needed a temperature-prosome length (PL i , lm) relationship for each copepod stage/taxon (i) represented in the CPR dataset:…”

Section: Copepod Lengthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volume of a copepod fecal pellet is directly related to the size of the pellet's producer (reviewed in Mauchline 1998). We estimated the volume of a single fecal pellet produced by each copepod (FPV i , lm 3 ):…”

Section: Calculating Fecal Pellet Carbon Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proportion of FPC produced near the sea surface that reaches a particular depth depends on the retention of fecal pellets in the water column (Feinberg and Dam 1998;Wexels Riser et al 2002;Møller et al 2011). Fecal pellets generally conform to Stokes Law, which indicates that sinking rate scales with pellet radius squared (Mauchline 1998 fecal pellets, which therefore sink at disproportionately slow rates, are exposed to disaggregating processes for a longer period of time than larger, rapidly sinking pellets. We can use the sizes and numbers of the fecal pellets produced by a given copepod community, with an estimated retention rate as they sink through the water column, to estimate how much FPC reaches depth.…”

Section: Calculating Fecal Pellet Carbon Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher temperatures also result in smaller body size, within species (Record et al 2012). Body size also determines fecal pellet size (reviewed in Mauchline 1998), and therefore sinking velocity, since settling speed is dependent on particle size (Guidi et al 2008). By examining the computed cumulative fecal pellet production of copepod communities over different time scales, we provide a mechanistic explanation for seasonal and interannual FPC flux variability.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Size as the master trait in modeled copepod fecal pellet carbon flux

Stamieszkin

Pershing

Record

et al. 2015

Limnology & Oceanography

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Zooplankton fecal pellet flux is a highly variable component of the biological carbon pump. While fecal pellets can comprise 0 to nearly 100% of particulate organic carbon collected in sediment traps, mechanisms for this variability remain poorly understood. Fecal pellet carbon flux is a complex function of several variables. We present a model that incorporates individual‐scale metabolic processes to determine fecal pellet production rate, the relationship between body size and fecal pellet size, the relationship between fecal pellet size and sinking rate, and a function representing the breakdown of particles in the water column. When applied to copepod communities sampled by the continuous plankton recorder in the Gulf of Maine over 25 years, a seasonal pattern of fecal pellet carbon flux emerges. The interannual flux time series produced by the model reflects known oceanographic perturbations and shows how organism‐scale processes can be scaled up to explain ecosystem level variability. We conclude that fecal pellet carbon flux in the Gulf of Maine is driven by copepod community size structure and copepod abundance, and that the fraction of fecal pellet carbon that reaches depth is a function of copepod size, rather than abundance. Changes in the physical environment which alter the size composition of the copepod community lead to variability in fecal pellet carbon flux. Our results indicate that incorporating size composition into biogeochemical models can more accurately constrain zooplankton‐mediated carbon flux.

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Section: Continuous Plankton Recorder Copepod Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Copepod Lengthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculating Fecal Pellet Carbon Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculating Fecal Pellet Carbon Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Size as the master trait in modeled copepod fecal pellet carbon flux

Stamieszkin

Pershing

Record

et al. 2015

Limnology & Oceanography

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Effects of Microplastic on the Population Dynamics of a Marine Copepod: Insights from a Laboratory Experiment and a Mechanistic Model

Everaert

Vlaeminck

Vandegehuchte

et al. 2022

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Microplastic is ubiquitously and persistently present in the marine environment, but knowledge of its population‐level effects is limited. In the present study, to quantify the potential theoretical population effect of microplastic, a two‐step approach was followed. First, the impact of microplastic (polyethylene, 0.995 g cm−3, diameter 10–45 µm) on the filtration rate of the pelagic copepod Temora longicornis was investigated under laboratory conditions. It was found that the filtration rate decreased at increasing microplastic concentrations and followed a concentration–response relationship but that at microplastic concentrations <100 particles L−1 the filtration rate was not affected. From the concentration–response relationship between the microplastic concentrations and the individual filtration rate a median effect concentration of the individual filtration rate (48 h) of 1956 ± 311 particles L−1 was found. In a second step, the dynamics of a T. longicornis population were simulated for realistic environmental conditions, and the effects of microplastics on the population density equilibrium were assessed. The empirical filtration rate data were incorporated in an individual‐based model implementation of the dynamic energy budget theory to deduct potential theoretical population‐level effects. The yearly averaged concentration at which the population equilibrium density would decrease by 50% was 593 ± 376 particles L−1. The theoretical effect concentrations at the population level were 4‐fold lower than effect concentrations at the individual level. However, the theoretical effect concentrations at the population level remain 3–5 orders of magnitude higher than ambient microplastic concentrations. Because the present experiment was short‐term laboratory‐based and the results were only indirectly validated with field data, the in situ implications of microplastic pollution for the dynamics of zooplankton field populations remain to be further investigated. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1663–1674. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

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Epigenetic and evolutionary mechanisms uniquely contribute to rescue from global change

Brennan,

deMayo,

Finiguerra

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Both adaptation and plasticity are critical for species persistence during rapid anthropogenic global change. However, we know little about how these mechanisms of resilience interact, particularly the role of epigenetic variation in long-term adaptation. We used a 25-generation selection experiment simulating future acidification, warming, and their combination to reveal how epigenetic and genetic mechanisms interact to promote resilience in a foundational copepod at the base of the marine food web. Epigenetic divergence was positively linked to gene expression divergence, indicating that epigenetic changes may facilitate phenotypic change. In contrast, genetic and epigenetic changes were negatively related, where genomic regions experiencing significant epigenetic changes had lower genetic divergence than those without. Thus, evolutionary and epigenetic changes acted in different regions of the genome during adaptation to global change conditions, due to either local inhibition of one another or distinct functional targets of selection. These results suggest that both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlie resilience to global change but have unique contributions.

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J. Mauchline, 1998. The biology of calanoid copepods

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Size as the master trait in modeled copepod fecal pellet carbon flux

Size as the master trait in modeled copepod fecal pellet carbon flux

Effects of Microplastic on the Population Dynamics of a Marine Copepod: Insights from a Laboratory Experiment and a Mechanistic Model

Epigenetic and evolutionary mechanisms uniquely contribute to rescue from global change

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