IV Hypertonic Glucose Stimulates the Exocrine Pancreas in Rat

Fan, Bo-Guang; Andrén‐Sandberg, Åke

doi:10.1177/014860710603000140

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…19,36 Intraduodenal glucose does not stimulate the pancreas, and exclusive IV glucose feeding results in marked pancreatic atrophy. 36 However, data on the effect that IV glucose has on exocrine pancreatic function is conflicting, with evidence pointing to both decreases 37 and increases 38 in secretory and synthetic function. What is apparent is that luminal fats and proteins stimulate pancreatic exocrine function, IV amino acids mitigate pancreatic hypotrophy, and IV glucose may stimulate synthesis of pancreatic enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Parenteral Nutrition Attenuates Cerulein-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats

Koopmann¹,

Baumler²,

Boehler³

et al. 2010

Pancreas

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Objectives Our aim was to determine if total parenteral nutrition (TPN)–induced pancreatic atrophy and Hsp70 expression attenuates cerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats. Methods Rats were randomized to a 7-day course of saline infusion plus a semipurified diet or TPN, with or without an intravenous cerulein injection or vehicle on day 7, and killed 1 or 6 hours after the injection. Based on a pilot study, 1 hour was the primary time point. Pancreatic atrophy was determined by mass, protein, and DNA contents. Pancreatic heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression was measured by Western analysis. Histological examination of the pancreas assessed for edema, inflammation, vacuolization, and apoptosis. Serum amylase activity was measured using the Phadebas assay. Pancreatic trypsinogen activation was measured using a fluorometric substrate assay. Results The saline-infused rats fed orally gained significantly more weight than TPN rats. The TPN decreased the pancreatic mass and protein content and the protein-DNA ratio and increased the pancreatic DNA content compared with the saline. The TPN increased the pancreatic Hsp70 expression by 91% compared with the saline. The TPN reduced the cerulein-induced pancreatic histological edema, the vacuolization, and the inflammation compared with the saline. The increase in the serum amylase level after cerulein injection was significantly attenuated, and trypsinogen activation was reduced in TPN animals compared with the saline group. Conclusions Lack of luminal nutrients with a 7-day course of TPN provides moderate protection against cerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Parenteral Nutrition Attenuates Cerulein-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats

Koopmann¹,

Baumler²,

Boehler³

et al. 2010

Pancreas

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“…A series of studies suggested PN treatment could lead to dysfunction and atrophy of the pancreas. Fan et al reported that pancreas weight and the concentration of pancreatic amylase were lower in the PN group compared with control group [14] and found that pancreatic atrophy and dysfunction might be the possible mechanism [25]. They concluded that intravenous hypertonic glucose resulted in atrophy of the pancreas by the suppression of the stimulatory effect of cholecystokinin on pancreas [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between parenteral nutrition and pancreatic injury in adult patients: a retrospective observational study

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2022

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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Background and objective Patients on parenteral nutrition (PN) are at high risk of both liver and pancreatic injury. More efforts were focused on liver, however, limited data is available to evaluate the effects of PN on pancreas. Thus, we performed a retrospective observational study to evaluate the association between PN and pancreatic injury in Chinese adult patients. Methods Adult patients (18–80 years), who received PN for a week or longer, and with repeated measurements of pancreatic enzymes, were included in the analysis. Pancreatic injury was confirmed by serum level of pancreatic amylase (P-AMYwas 53 U/L or higher) or lipase (LP was 63 U/L or higher), which were evaluated at baseline and following every week during PN duration. Age, sex, body weight, height, diagnosis of diseases, history of diseases, surgery, white blood cell, c-reactive protein, liver and renal function, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and daily energy supplied by PN and enteral nutrition were abstracted from medical records. Results A total number of 190 adult patients (125 men, 65 women) were included in the study. The average age and BMI were 61.8 ± 13.0 years and 21.7±3.3 kg/m2, while medium serum level of P-AMY and LP were 29.0 U/L (quartile range: 18.0, 47.0) and 33.0 U/L (quartile range: 19.0, 58.0), respectively at baseline. The median duration of PN was 15 days (quartile range: 11.0, 21.0). The prevalence of pancreatic injury was 42.1% (80/190) while it was 28.4% (54/190), 43.3% (77/178), 47.8% (44/92) after one-, two-, and three-week or longer PN adminstration. The proportion of daily energy supplement by PN (OR = 3.77, 95%CI: 1.87, 7.61) and history of infection were positively (OR = 3.00, 95%CI: 1.23, 7.36), while disease history for diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.15, 0.98) and cancer (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.23, 0.95), were negetively associated with pancreatic injury. Total bile acids were associated with the increment of P-AMY (beta = 0.98, 95%CI: 0.39, 1.56) and LP (beta = 2.55, 95%CI: 0.98, 4.12) by multi-variate linear regression. Conclusion PN was associated with pancreatic injury, as demonstrated by the increase of both serum P-AMY and LP.

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“…It has been demonstrated that TPN or the absence of food in the GI tract can result in an atrophy of the pancreas, including histological damage and dysfunction of the pancreas (O’ Keefe et al., 2003; Fan and Andren‐Sandberg, 2006). These findings have suggested that enteral factors are important for maintaining normal morphology and physiology of the pancreas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings have suggested that enteral factors are important for maintaining normal morphology and physiology of the pancreas. The atrophy and functional changes resulting from TPN involve multiple factors; the absence of hormonal stimuli seems to be one of the reasons (Fan and Andren‐Sandberg, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trophic effect of cholecystokinin on the pancreas declines in rats on total parenteral nutrition

et al. 2011

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) results in atrophy of the pancreas, while cholecystokinin (CCK) can significantly stimulate the exocrine pancreas in rodents. This study was designed to examine whether CCK may improve the atrophy of the pancreas in rats on TPN treatment. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into orally fed and TPN groups and were infused with CCK at a dose of 5 μg/kg/h or the CCK-receptor antagonist devazepide at a dose of 200 μg/kg/h for 10 days. Infusion of CCK caused hypercholecystokininemia (hyperCCKemia) and decreased the atrophy of the pancreas resulting from TPN. The hyperplastic response to CCK in orally fed rats was decreased in the rats given TPN. Devazepide did not influence the pancreatic variables. This study further confirmed that CCK stimulates the exocrine pancreas and decreases the atrophy of the exocrine pancreas resulting from TPN. Our present findings suggest that the trophic effect of CCK on the exocrine pancreas declines in TPN.

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IV Hypertonic Glucose Stimulates the Exocrine Pancreas in Rat

Abstract: I.v. glucose results in atrophy of the exocrine pancreas, elevates the amylase in pancreas, but suppresses the stimulatory effect of cholecystokinin on the exocrine pancreas.

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Total Parenteral Nutrition Attenuates Cerulein-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats

Total Parenteral Nutrition Attenuates Cerulein-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats

The association between parenteral nutrition and pancreatic injury in adult patients: a retrospective observational study

The trophic effect of cholecystokinin on the pancreas declines in rats on total parenteral nutrition

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