a b s t r a c tThe adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic of atrazine on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) containing 0.85%, 2.16%, and 7.07% oxygen was studied. Kinetic analyses were performed using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models. The regression results showed that the pseudo-second-order law fit the adsorption kinetics. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of atrazine on MWCNTs was spontaneous and exothermic. Standard free energy ( G 0 ) became less negative when the oxygen content of MWCNTs increased from 0.85% to 7.07% which is consistent with the low adsorption affinity of MWCNTs for atrazine.
Objectives. Previous studies reported that overweight older adults had a lower mortality after cardiovascular diseases attack, indicating being thinner might not always be better. However, there is an ongoing debate about what is the optimal range of body mass index (BMI) for the aged population. We aimed to evaluate the value of BMI for the prediction of incident diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Chinese elderly population. Methods. A total number of 6,911 Chinese elderly people (4,110 men and 2,801 women, aged 71 ± 6.0 years) were included in this cohort study. BMI was measured at baseline (Jan 1, 2014, to Dec 31, 2014). All the participants were further classified into six groups: <18.5 kg/m2, 18.5 to <22.5 kg/m2, 22.5 to <25.0 kg/m2, 25.0 to <27.5 kg/m2, 27.5 to <30.0 kg/m2, and ≥30.0 kg/m2. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were annually measured during follow-up (Jan 1, 2015-May 31, 2019). DM was confirmed if either FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol / L or HbA 1 c ≥ 6.5 % . We used the Cox proportional hazard regression model to evaluate the association between BMI and the prediction of incident DM. Results. Comparing individuals with a BMI range of 18.5 to <22.5 kg/m2 (reference), the hazard ratio for incident DM was 2.13 (95% CI: 1.54~2.95), 2.14 (95% CI: 1.53~3.00), 3.17 (95% CI: 2.19~4.59), 3.15 (95% CI: 1.94~5.09), and 3.14 (95% CI: 1.94~5.09) for the group with a BMI range of 22.5 to <25.0 kg/m2, 25.0 to <27.5 kg/m2, 27.5 to <30.0 kg/m2, and ≥30.0 kg/m2 after adjusting for baseline age, sex, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and eGFR ( P trend < 0.001), after adjusting for the abovementioned confounders. The association tended to be closer in men and young participants, compared with their counterparts. Conclusions. High BMI was associated with a high risk of developing DM in the Chinese aged population. Thus, it is optimal for the aged population to maintain their body weight within a reasonable range to prevent chronic diseases.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLe) gastrointestinal (Gi) complication is characterized by multisegment and multi-compartment involvement. The aim of this study is to develop a computed tomography (CT) image-based system for disease evaluation. SLE patients with GI involvement from two independent cohorts were retrospectively included. Baseline abdominal ct scan with intravenous and oral contrast was obtained from each individual. A CT scoring system incorporating the extent of GI tract involvement and intestinal wall thickness, along with extra-GI compartment involvement, was developed and validated. The outcome measurement was the time to GI functional recovery, defined as the time to tolerable per os (po) intake ≥50% of ideal calories (PO50). A total of 54 and 37 patients with SLE GI involvement were enrolled in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. The CT scores for SLE GI involvement were positively correlated with patients' time to PO50 (r = 0.57, p < 0.0001, derivation cohort; r = 0.42, p = 0.0093, validation cohort). Patients with a CT score ≤ 3 had a shorter time to PO50 (median time of 0 day) in pooled cohort, whereas those with a CT score > 3 incurred a significantly prolonged recovery with a median time to PO50 of 13 days (p < 0.0001). The CTbased scoring system may facilitate more accurate assessment and individualized management of SLE patients with Gi involvement. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with multi-system involvement 1. Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are commonly presented in up to 50% of SLE patients 2 , with 2-30% of these cases attributed to active SLE per se 3 ; whereas others may due to treatment side effects or co-morbidities. Several key questions remain undetermined concerning active SLE GI involvement. First, multiplicity of its terminology, such as GI vasculitis (mesenteric vasculitis), lupus gastroenteritis (lupus enteritis) and intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO) 4-7 , implies the uncertainty of the underlying pathophysiology. Second, specific assessment tools for its activity, severity and outcome are lacking. As an example, none of the clinical features of SLE GI involvement is captured by the widely used SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). It is noteworthy that computed tomography (CT) imaging has been well accepted in the evaluation of SLE GI involvement. Certain characteristic radiographic features 8,9 , such as 'target sign' (intestinal wall edema and thickening), 'comb sign' (enhanced engorgement of mesenteric vasculature), extra-GI compartment involvement (gallbladder wall thickening, interstitial cystitis, dilatation of urinary tract and biliary-pancreatic duct), have been described. However, image-based, prognosis-relevant measurable tools are yet to be developed. Third, the current treatment, particularly nutritional protocol for SLE patients with GI involvement, are merely empirical. Although the overall outcome is relatively benign 10 , some patients may suffer from a prolonged GI insufficiency, and some may...
Background We evaluated the association between parental factors (overweight, history of hypertension, and education level) and children’s blood pressure status. Further, we evaluated to what extent the potential association could be interpreted by children’s adiposity indices. Methods The current study included 3316 Chinese school students (1579 girls and 1737 boys, aged 6–14 years) and their parents. Parents reported information on their height, body weight, history of hypertension, and the highest education level. Trained medical staff measured children’s blood pressure, height, body weight, waist circumference (WC), and percentage of body fat (PBF, assessed by bio-impedance method). Z-score of all three indices were calculated and used in the analysis. We used generalized linear model to evaluate the association between parental information and z-score of children’s blood pressure. Meditation analysis was used to evaluate the proportion contributed by z-score of children’s adiposity indices (BMI, WC, and PBF). Results We found that parental overweight and hypertension, but not parental education level, were significantly associated with children’s systolic and diastolic blood pressure ( P < 0.05 for all). Approximately 30.4–92.2% of the association between these two parental factors and children’s systolic blood pressure were mediated by children’s adiposity indices, and 22.3–55.6% for children’s diastolic blood pressure. The strongest meditative factor, among the three obesity indices, was children’s BMI z-score. Conclusions The association between parental factors and children’s blood pressure was mainly mediated by children’s adiposity indices. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12986-019-0357-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Selenium (Se) has been suggested to be beneficial to obesity development. However, limited studies have evaluated the association between Se and childhood obesity and the findings are inconsistent.The aim of this study was to examine the association of Se levels with obesity in children in a cross-sectional study.A total of 62 obese (21 girls) and 65 normal-weight children (27 girls) aged 7 to 13 years were recruited in Shanghai, China. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ its 95th age- and sex-specific percentile for children. Participant demographic data and parental information were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. Se concentration in fingernail clippings was quantified using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry.The average age was 10.9 years (standard deviation = 1.0) and the mean BMI was 21.2 kg/m2 (standard deviation = 5.0). Fingernail Se levels were relatively higher among normal-weight children as compared with obese participants, though the difference was not statistically significant (P = .79). Se levels were inversely associated with the risk of childhood obesity after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.24 (0.07–0.84) comparing participants in the highest with those who in the lowest tertile of Se levels (Plinear-trend = .03).Our study supported an inverse association between fingernail Se levels and the risk of obesity in Chinese children. Data generated from the present study are useful for designing future prospective cohort studies and/or randomized clinical trials.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.