ITS sequence data and morphology differentiate Cytospora chrysosperma associated with trunk disease of grapevine in northern Iran

Arzanlou, Mahdi; Narmani, Abolfazl

doi:10.1515/jppr-2015-0015

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Previous studies show most trunk pathogens require up to a year to cause significant lesions within living grapevines (Lawrence et al ., ; Travadon et al ., ). Indeed, the 12 cm lesions measured by Arzanlou & Narmani () after 28 days in detached canes are much larger compared to 2 cm lesions in live woody stems after 12 months in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Recently, C . chrysosperma , the type species for the genus, was also reported in Iran from grapevines displaying decline symptoms, including stunted growth, canopy chlorosis and necrosis, and black vascular streaking or discoloured wood (Arzanlou & Narmani, ). Pathogenicity assays conducted on excised, 1‐year‐old grapevine shoots revealed that two of four isolates of C .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The cosmopolitan species Cytospora chrysosperma , which has a broad host range (Adams et al ., ), has been isolated from symptomless grapevine wood and is thus classified as an endophyte by Gonzalez & Tello (). Since then, C. chrysosperma has also been isolated from grapevine wood with symptoms and pathogenicity has been demonstrated for it (Arzanlou & Narmani, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Cytospora isolates from wood cankers of declining grapevine in North America, with the descriptions of two new Cytospora species

et al. 2016

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Cytospora species are ubiquitous pathogens of numerous woody plants, causing dieback and wood cankers in agronomic crops, timber trees and wildland trees (e.g. Prunus, Eucalyptus and Salix, respectively). Cytospora chrysosperma, C. cincta and C. leucostoma have been reported from grapevines in Iran showing symptoms of one or more recognized trunk diseases (esca, botryosphaeria-, eutypa-and phomopsis diebacks); however, only C. chrysosperma was shown to be pathogenic to grapevine. To understand the potential role of Cytospora species in the grapevine trunk-disease complex, 21 Cytospora isolates were examined that were recovered from dieback and wood cankers of Vitis vinifera and Vitis interspecific hybrids in seven northeastern U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and translation elongation factor 1-a identified two novel species: Cytospora vinacea sp. nov. and Cytospora viticola sp. nov. Differences in culture morphology and conidial dimensions also distinguished the species. When inoculated to the woody stems of potted V. vinifera 'Thompson Seedless' in the greenhouse, both species were pathogenic, based on development of wood lesions and fulfilment of Koch's postulates. Cytospora viticola was the most virulent based on lesion length at 12 months post-inoculation. As cytospora canker shares some of the same general dieback-type symptoms as botryosphaeria-, eutypa-and phomopsis diebacks, it may be considered part of the grapevine trunk-disease complex in eastern North America.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Cytospora isolates from wood cankers of declining grapevine in North America, with the descriptions of two new Cytospora species

et al. 2016

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“…Clade stability was assessed using 1000 bootstrap replications (Felsenstein 1985). Diaporthe eres was used as the outgroup in the phylogenetic analyses (Arzanlou and Narmani 2015). The Neighbour-Joining (NJ) analysis showed that isolate CYH1 (IRAN 2642C), obtained from the cankered peach twigs, clustered with authentic isolates of C. chrysosperma (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…4). Pathogenicity tests were performed on excised shoots in laboratory conditions as described by Arzanlou and Narmani (2015). In total, 15 healthy shoots a year-old were cut from trees.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular identification of Cytospora chrysosperma causing canker disease on Prunus persica

Bagherabadi

Zafari

Soleimani

2017

Australasian Plant Dis. Notes

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Peach (Prunus persica) is one of the most valuable fruit trees around the world including Iran. During spring and summer 2016, severe branch dieback and canker was observed on peach trees in Hamadan province, Iran. The cankered peach twigs contained fruiting bodies of the fungus. It was estimated that 58% of peach trees were severely damaged by this disease. A fungus was consistently isolated from infected tissues. Morphological and cultural characteristics, as well as the sequences of the ITS and β-tubulin regions and pathogenicity tests, showed that the causal agent of disease was Cytospora chrysosperma. It was already reported that C. chrysosperma caused severe losses on a wide range of plant hosts worldwide. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of C. chrysosperma on P. persica in the world and Iran.Keywords Its . β-tubulin . Cytospora chrysosperma . Prunus persica Peach (Prunus persica) is an economically important deciduous tree belonging to the Rosaceae family producing 20 million tons of fruit per year worldwide. It is one of the most important fruit trees around the world including Iran. The peach orchards with dieback and canker symptoms were observed during spring and summer 2016, in Hamadan province of Iran. The symptoms included wood lesions and cankers with fruiting bodies from fungus (Fig. 1a). 15 orchards were assessed from five different regions of Hamadan province and 80 trees out of 137 inspected trees displayed typical symptoms of disease. It was estimated that 58% of peach trees were severely damaged by this disease. In order to identify the causal agent of the disease, a total of 80 diseased twigs were collected from symptomatic trees. Small pieces, approximately 0.5 cm 3 , were cut from the edge of diseased and healthy tissues and sterilised in 70% ethanol for 1 min, followed by washing with sterile distilled water and dried on sterile filter paper. The plant segments were then placed on the surface of Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium and incubated at 25°C in the darkness. Purification was done from three-day-old isolates by the mycelium tip culture technique and also in some cases, the single-spore technique was made using Adams et al. (2006) method. The cultures were preserved on PDA in 2 ml microtube slants at 4°C in the Culture Collection of the Bu-Ali Sina University of Iran and a culture of C. chrysosperma (CYH1) isolate was also deposited in the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection Culture Collection (IRAN 2642C).The morphological characteristics were determined based on pure cultures grown on PDA. Conidiomata were examined on infected twigs, the structure and size of fruiting bodies, presence or absence of a conceptacle, and size and shape of spores also were recorded. Dilutions were performed with the spore masses obtained from fungus fruiting bodies, and drops of suspensions were placed on microscope slides. More than 30 fruiting bodies were sectioned and in total 50 spores derived from different fruiting bodies were selected randomly to measure ...

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Analysis of Kalmusia variispora associated with grapevine decline in Iran

2019

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ITS sequence data and morphology differentiate Cytospora chrysosperma associated with trunk disease of grapevine in northern Iran

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Characterization of Cytospora isolates from wood cankers of declining grapevine in North America, with the descriptions of two new Cytospora species

Characterization of Cytospora isolates from wood cankers of declining grapevine in North America, with the descriptions of two new Cytospora species

Morphological and molecular identification of Cytospora chrysosperma causing canker disease on Prunus persica

Analysis of Kalmusia variispora associated with grapevine decline in Iran

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